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Confinement Effects for Efficient Macrocyclization Reactions with Supported Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes
ACS Catalysis ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-02 , DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03057
Felix Ziegler 1 , Hamzeh Kraus 2 , Mathis J. Benedikter 1 , Dongren Wang 1 , Johanna R. Bruckner 3 , Michal Nowakowski 4 , Kilian Weißer 1 , Helena Solodenko 5 , Guido Schmitz 5 , Matthias Bauer 4 , Niels Hansen 2 , Michael R. Buchmeiser 1
Affiliation  

For entropic reasons, the synthesis of macrocycles via olefin ring-closing metathesis (RCM) is impeded by competing acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) oligomerization. With cationic molybdenum imido alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes confined in tailored ordered mesoporous silica, RCM can be run with macrocyclization selectivities up to 98% and high substrate concentrations up to 0.1 M. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the high conversions are a direct result of the proximity between the surface-bound catalyst, proven by extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and the surface-located substrates. Back-diffusion of the macrocycles decreases with decreasing pore diameter of the silica and is responsible for the high macrocyclization efficiency. Also, Z-selectivity increases with decreasing pore diameter and increasing Tolman electronic parameter of the NHC. Running reactions at different concentrations allows for identifying the optimum substrate concentration for each material and substrate combination.

中文翻译:

负载型阳离子钼亚氨基亚烷基 N-杂环卡宾配合物对有效大环化反应的限制效应

由于熵的原因,通过烯烃闭环复分解 (RCM) 合成大环受到竞争性无环二烯复分解 (ADMET) 低聚反应的阻碍。将阳离子钼亚胺亚烷基N-杂环卡宾 (NHC) 复合物限制在定制的有序介孔二氧化硅中,RCM 可以以高达 98% 的大环化选择性和高达 0.1 M 的高底物浓度运行。分子动力学模拟表明,高转化率是由扩展 X 射线吸收光谱证明的表面结合催化剂与位于表面的基底之间接近的直接结果。大环的反向扩散随着二氧化硅孔径的减小而降低,并且是高大环化效率的原因。还有,Z- 选择性随着 NHC 孔径的减小和托尔曼电子参数的增加而增加。在不同浓度下进行反应可以确定每种材料和底物组合的最佳底物浓度。
更新日期:2021-09-17
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