ABSTRACT

The first aim of the study was to present the methodology applied by the model WOody biomass and Carbon ASsessment to compute the past potentially available residues (RA; branches and tops only; t·yr⁻¹ of dry matter, DM), potentially generated heat and electricity (TE, EE, respectively; GJ·yr⁻¹) and potentially avoided CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere (EM; t·yr⁻¹ CO₂) for the final combustion process. The available residues are computed at the forest stand level through a recovery rate based on six technical parameters. The methodology was applied to the public stands of Valle Camonica district (Italy) (total area: 3.67·10⁴ ha; period: 1984–2016). The mass of residues calculated for that period was used to estimate the current supply, i.e. 2.15·10³ ± 6.04·10² t·yr⁻¹ DM. By assuming that this mass was used in an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) unit of a local centralized heating plant, TE = 2.06·10⁴ ÷ 2.41·10⁴ GJ·yr⁻¹ and EE = 5.08·10³ ÷ 5.95·10³ GJ·yr⁻¹. By assuming that: (i) heat generated by the ORC replaced heat produced by conventional natural gas-based plants; (ii) electricity generated by the ORC replaced electricity generated by Italian natural gas-based plants-mix (combined heat and electricity production) EM = 1.85·10³ ÷ 2.17·10³ t·yr⁻¹ CO₂.

摘要

该研究的第一个目的是介绍模型 WOody 生物量和碳评估应用的方法来计算过去的潜在可用残留物（RA；仅枝条和顶部；干物质的t·yr ^-1，DM），潜在产生的热量和电力（分别为 TE、EE；GJ·yr ^-1）并可能避免在最终燃烧过程中排放到大气中的CO ₂排放（EM；t·yr ^-1 CO ₂）。可用残留物是通过基于六个技术参数的恢复率在林分级别计算的。该方法应用于Valle Camonica区（意大利）的公共看台（总面积：3.67·10 ⁴ 哈; 期间：1984-2016 年）。该时期计算的残留物质量用于估计当前供应量，即 2.15·10 ³ ± 6.04·10 ²  t·yr ^-1 DM。假设该质量用于当地集中供热厂的有机朗肯循环 (ORC) 装置，则 TE = 2.06·10 ⁴ ÷ 2.41·10 ⁴  GJ·yr ^-1和 EE = 5.08·10 ³ ÷ 5.95·10 ³  GJ·yr ^-1。假设： (i) ORC 产生的热量取代了传统天然气发电厂产生的热量；(ii) ORC 产生的电力取代了意大利天然气工厂组合（热电联产）产生的电力 EM = 1.85·10³ ÷ 2.17·10 ³ 吨·年^-1 CO ₂。