Background. Previous studies have revealed the abnormalities in homotopic connectivity in schizophrenia. However, the relationship of these deficits to antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia remains unclear. This study explored the effects of antipsychotic therapy on brain homotopic connectivity and whether the homotopic connectivity of these regions might predict individual treatment response in schizophrenic patients. Methods. A total of 21 schizophrenic patients and 20 healthy controls were scanned by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The patients received olanzapine treatment and were scanned at two time points. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and pattern classification techniques were applied to analyze the imaging data. Results. Schizophrenic patients presented significantly decreased VMHC in the temporal and inferior frontal gyri, medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), and motor and low-level sensory processing regions (including the fusiform gyrus and cerebellum lobule VI) relative to healthy controls. The VMHC in the superior/middle MPFC was significantly increased in the patients after eight weeks of treatment. Support vector regression (SVR) analyses revealed that VMHC in the superior/middle MPFC at baseline can predict the symptomatic improvement of the positive and negative syndrome scale after eight weeks of treatment. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that olanzapine treatment may normalize decreased homotopic connectivity in the superior/middle MPFC in schizophrenic patients. The VMHC in the superior/middle MPFC may predict individual response for antipsychotic therapy. The findings of this study conduce to the comprehension of the therapy effects of antipsychotic medications on homotopic connectivity in schizophrenia.

中文翻译：

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奥氮平调节的前额叶皮层同位连接增加可预测精神分裂症患者的治疗效果

背景。以前的研究已经揭示了精神分裂症中同伦连接的异常。然而，这些缺陷与精神分裂症抗精神病药物治疗的关系仍不清楚。本研究探讨了抗精神病药物治疗对大脑同伦连接的影响，以及这些区域的同伦连接是否可以预测精神分裂症患者的个体治疗反应。方法。通过静息状态功能磁共振成像扫描了总共21名精神分裂症患者和20名健康对照。患者接受奥氮平治疗并在两个时间点进行扫描。应用体素镜像同伦连接（VMHC）和模式分类技术来分析成像数据。结果. 与健康对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的颞叶和额下回、内侧前额叶皮层 (MPFC) 以及运动和低水平感觉处理区域（包括梭状回和小脑小叶 VI）的 VMHC 显着降低。治疗八周后，患者的上/中 MPFC 中的 VMHC 显着增加。支持向量回归 (SVR) 分析显示，基线时上/中 MPFC 中的 VMHC 可以预测治疗八周后阳性和阴性综合征量表的症状改善。结论. 该研究表明，奥氮平治疗可以使精神分裂症患者的上/中 MPFC 降低的同伦连接正常化。上/中 MPFC 中的 VMHC 可以预测个体对抗精神病药物治疗的反应。本研究的结果有助于理解抗精神病药物对精神分裂症同位连接的治疗效果。