The presence of anaerobic microflora on fresh beef carcass and rump steaks, which may contribute to meat spoilage, was explored in this study. A total of 120 carcass and 120 rump steak swabs were collected immediately after slaughtering and boning, respectively from five meat plants, anaerobically incubated and enriched at 4°C for 3 weeks. This was followed by DNA extraction and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq, with subsequent bioinformatics analysis. The enriched microbiota of the samples was classified and grouped into 149 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The microbiota recovered from both sample types consisted mainly of Carnobacterium, with an average relative abundance of 28.4% and 32.8% in beef carcasses and beef rump steaks, respectively. This was followed by Streptococcus, Serratia, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, Raoultella and Aeromonas ranging from 1.5 to 20% and 0.1 to 29.8% in enriched carcasses and rump steak swabs, respectively. Trichococcus, Bacteroides, Dysgomonas, Providencia, Paraclostridium and Proteus were also present ranging from 0 to 0.8% on carcass and 0 to 1.8% on rump steak swabs, respectively. Alpha and beta diversity measurements showed limited diversity between the two sample types, but some differences between samples from the beef plants investigated were evident. This study highlights the presence of potential spoilage bacteria, mainly anaerobic genera on and between carcass and rump steaks, as an indication of contamination on and between these samples.

中文翻译：

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使用高通量测序研究牛肉胴体和后腰牛排的厌氧腐败微生物群

本研究探讨了新鲜牛肉胴体和臀部牛排上是否存在厌氧菌群，这些菌群可能导致肉类腐败。在屠宰和去骨后立即收集总共120条屠体和120条臀部牛排拭子，分别来自5个肉植物，在4°C厌氧培养和富集3周。随后使用 Illumina MiSeq 进行 DNA 提取和 16S rRNA 扩增子测序，以及随后的生物信息学分析。样本中丰富的微生物群被分类并分为 149 个操作分类单元 (OTU)。从两种样品类型中回收的微生物群主要由肉杆菌属组成，在牛肉胴体和牛臀肉中的平均相对丰度分别为 28.4% 和 32.8%。紧随其后的是链球菌，沙雷氏菌属，乳球菌属，肠球菌属，埃希氏菌属，志贺氏菌，拉乌尔和气单胞菌为1.5至20％，并且在分别富集屠体及臀部牛排拭子，0.1〜29.8％。毛球菌,拟杆菌, Dysgomonas ,普罗维登斯,副梭菌和变形杆菌也分别存在于胴体和臀部牛排拭子上的范围为 0 至 0.8% 和 0 至 1.8%。Alpha 和 Beta 多样性测量显示两种样本类型之间的多样性有限，但所调查的牛肉植物样本之间存在一些明显差异。这项研究强调了潜在腐败细菌的存在，主要是屠体和臀部牛排上和之间的厌氧菌属，作为这些样品上和之间污染的迹象。