Background

Cytidine-5′-diphosphate choline (CDP-choline) has been suggested to exert neuroprotective and neuroreparative effects and may be beneficial for patients with stimulant dependence. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in methamphetamine (MA) dependence investigated effects of CDP-choline on the brain structures and their associations with craving and MA use.

Methods

MA users (n = 44) were randomized to receive 2 g/day of CDP-choline (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 8 weeks. Patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at baseline and 8-week follow-up. Healthy individuals (n = 27) were also examined using brain MRI at the same interval. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was conducted to examine changes in gray matter (GM) volumes and their associations with craving and MA use.

Results

Craving for MA was significantly reduced after the 8 week-treatment with CDP-choline (p = 0.01), but not with the placebo treatment (p = 0.10). There was no significant difference in the total number of MA-negative urine samples between the two groups (p = 0.19). With CDP-choline treatment, GM volumes in the left middle frontal gyrus (p = 0.001), right hippocampus (p = 0.009), and left precuneus (p = 0.001) were significantly increased compared to the placebo and control groups. Increased GM volumes in the left middle frontal gyrus with CDP-choline treatment were associated with reduced craving for MA (Spearman's ρ = −0.56, p = 0.03). In addition, the right hippocampal volume increases were positively associated with the total number of MA-negative urine results in the CDP-choline group (Spearman's ρ = 0.67, p = 0.006).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that CDP-choline may increase GM volumes of MA-dependent patients, which may be related to decreases in MA use and craving.

中文翻译：

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胞苷-5'-二磷酸胆碱对甲基苯丙胺依赖患者灰质体积的影响：一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究

背景

Cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline (CDP-choline) 被认为具有神经保护和神经修复作用，可能对兴奋剂依赖的患者有益。这项关于甲基苯丙胺 (MA) 依赖的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究调查了 CDP-胆碱对大脑结构的影响及其与渴望和 MA 使用的关联。

方法

MA 使用者 (n = 44) 随机接受 2 g/天的 CDP-胆碱 (n = 22) 或安慰剂 (n = 22) 持续 8 周。患者在基线和 8 周随访时接受了脑磁共振成像 (MRI)。健康个体 (n = 27) 也在相同的时间间隔使用脑 MRI 检查。进行基于体素的形态测量分析以检查灰质 (GM) 体积的变化及其与渴望和 MA 使用的关联。

结果

用 CDP-胆碱治疗 8 周后，对 MA 的渴望显着降低（p = 0.01），但安慰剂治疗没有（p = 0.10）。两组间MA阴性尿样总数无显着差异（p = 0.19）。与安慰剂组和对照组相比，使用 CDP 胆碱治疗后，左侧额中回 (p = 0.001)、右侧海马 (p = 0.009) 和左侧楔前叶 (p = 0.001) 的 GM 体积显着增加。CDP-胆碱处理后左侧额中回的 GM 体积增加与对​​ MA 的渴望减少相关（Spearman 的 ρ = -0.56，p = 0.03）。此外，右侧海马体积增加与 CDP 胆碱组中 MA 阴性尿液结果的总数呈正相关（Spearman 的 ρ = 0.67，p = 0.006）。

结论

我们的研究结果表明，CDP-胆碱可能会增加 MA 依赖患者的 GM 体积，这可能与 MA 使用和渴望的减少有关。