Electrolyte recipes and Li metal anode host materials are developed for lithium-metal batteries. 1,2-dimethoxyethane/ethylene carbonate mixed solvent with 1 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and 1 wt% LiNO₃ is shown to form a robust solid electrolyte interphase and improve Coulombic efficiency and cyclability during Li metal plating/stripping. This electrolyte can withstand high potential, allowing the operation of a LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ (NMC-811) cathode. One-dimensional carbon nanotubes, two-dimensional graphene nanosheets, and three-dimensional ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-8 are used as the host materials for the accommodation of Li metal. The strong and continuous conducting network of CMK-8 with interpenetrating open channels is found to be a promising scaffold for Li metal. With the proposed electrolyte, the CMK-8 electrode enables uniform Li plating/stripping with a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% under a practical current density of 1 mA cm⁻². Moreover, a long life of >550 charge-discharge cycles is achieved. The high structural stability of CMK-8 upon cycling is confirmed using electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Finally, we use a Li-free CMK-8 electrode, an NMC-811 cathode, and the proposed electrolyte to construct a full cell. The electrochemical properties are evaluated.

为锂金属电池开发了电解质配方和锂金属负极主体材料。1,2-二甲氧基乙烷/碳酸亚乙酯混合溶剂与 1 M 双（氟磺酰基）亚胺锂和 1 wt% LiNO ₃显示出形成坚固的固体电解质界面并提高锂金属电镀/剥离过程中的库仑效率和循环性能。这种电解液可以承受高电位，允许操作 LiNi _0.8 Co _0.1 Mn _0.1 O ₂(NMC-811) 阴极。一维碳纳米管、二维石墨烯纳米片和三维有序介孔碳 CMK-8 被用作容纳锂金属的主体材料。具有互穿开放通道的 CMK-8 强且连续的导电网络被发现是锂金属的有前途的支架。使用所提出的电解质，CMK-8 电极能够在 1 mA cm ^-2的实际电流密度下以 99.2% 的高库仑效率实现均匀的锂电镀/剥离. 此外，实现了>550 次充放电循环的长寿命。使用电子显微镜和拉曼光谱证实了 CMK-8 在循环后的高结构稳定性。最后，我们使用无锂 CMK-8 电极、NMC-811 阴极和建议的电解质来构建全电池。评价电化学性质。