Foraging strategies aim to maximize the amount of food obtained while minimizing searching costs. To reduce these costs, animals use different strategies based on the use of personal or social information to exploit food patches. At the same time, the social attraction for food resources could increase competition intensity for them. Prior experiences of animals regarding social risk and the foreknowledge of the competitors might drive the foraging strategies. In this paper, we examined experimentally whether rock lizards used behavioural strategies to reduce the risks of foraging in presence of potential competitors. We measured the foraging behaviour of a lizard resident to a territory (i.e. terrarium), in the presence of both familiar and unfamiliar conspecifics (potential competitors). We considered whether foraging choices between two food sources of different value (i.e. quantity) are influenced by familiarity with the intruder and the evaluation of its competitive ability based on body size differences between lizards. We found differences in the number of attacks performed to the best food source, with more attacks when the intruder was unfamiliar. The results suggest evidence of both dear enemy recognition and current rival assessment modulate the foraging choices depending on the identity and the social relationship with the intruder.

觅食策略旨在最大化获得食物的数量，同时最小化搜索成本。为了降低这些成本，动物根据个人或社会信息的使用情况使用不同的策略来利用食物补丁。同时，社会对食物资源的吸引力会增加他们的竞争强度。动物关于社会风险的先前经验和竞争对手的先见之明可能会推动觅食策略。在本文中，我们通过实验研究了岩蜥蜴是否使用行为策略来降低在潜在竞争对手面前觅食的风险。我们测量了蜥蜴居民在熟悉和不熟悉的同种动物（潜在竞争者）存在的情况下对领土（即玻璃容器）的觅食行为。我们考虑了在两种不同价值（即数量）食物来源之间的觅食选择是否受到对入侵者的熟悉程度以及基于蜥蜴之间体型差异对其竞争能力的评估的影响。我们发现对最佳食物来源进行攻击的次数存在差异，当入侵者不熟悉时，攻击次数会更多。结果表明，亲爱的敌人识别和当前对手评估的证据会根据身份和与入侵者的社会关系调节觅食选择。当入侵者不熟悉时，攻击会更多。结果表明，亲爱的敌人识别和当前对手评估的证据会根据身份和与入侵者的社会关系调节觅食选择。当入侵者不熟悉时，攻击会更多。结果表明，亲爱的敌人识别和当前对手评估的证据会根据身份和与入侵者的社会关系调节觅食选择。