High salinity and alkalinity, two of the most widespread abiotic stressors which largely impact plant growth and development. Most researches focus on how plant cope with neutral salt stress, the underlying mechanism of plant response to alkali stress has not been systematically studied, and little information is available as reference. The halophyte Suaeda corniculata is an outstanding pasture with strong tolerance to salt and alkali stress. Here, the combined analysis of ¹H NMR-based metabolomics, 2DE-based proteomics and physiological observation were performed, to demonstrate the comparison on metabolic and molecular network of S. corniculata responsive to salt and alkali stress. Our results showed that the alkali stress induced more severe effect on the plant growth than salt stress. The metabolomic and proteomic characteristics showed distinct regulation patterns in response to salt and alkali in S. corniculata. The evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging systems, as well as abundance patterns of salt and alkali-responsive proteins or metabolites indicated that the hyper activation of ROS scavenging system, including APX dependent AsA-GSH cycle and Prx/Trx pathway, played a major role in maintaining redox homeostasis to alleviate oxidative damage. In addition, the accumulation of glycine betaine mainly contributes to the re-establishment of osmotic homeostasis. Importantly, the high abundance of germin-like proteins and enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism might positively contribute to the alkali tolerance of S. corniculata. Together, this study provides novel insights into the physiological and metabolic features in halophyte S. corniculata to salt and alkali stress, and this deepens our understanding of how halophytes reprogram the molecular activities to cope with salinity and alkalinity in soil.

高盐度和高碱度是影响植物生长和发育的最普遍的两种非生物胁迫因素。大多数研究集中在植物如何应对中性盐胁迫，植物对碱胁迫响应的潜在机制尚未系统研究，可作为参考的资料很少。盐生植物Suaedacorniculata是一种优良的牧草，对盐碱胁迫具有很强的耐受性。在这里，进行了基于¹ H NMR 的代谢组学、基于 2DE 的蛋白质组学和生理观察的组合分析，以证明S.corniculata代谢和分子网络的比较对盐和碱胁迫反应灵敏。我们的结果表明，碱胁迫对植物生长的影响比盐胁迫更严重。的代谢和蛋白质组特性显示不同调节模式响应于盐和碱在S. corniculata. 活性氧 (ROS) 清除系统的评估，以及盐和碱响应蛋白或代谢物的丰度模式表明，ROS 清除系统的过度激活，包括 APX 依赖的 AsA-GSH 循环和 Prx/Trx 通路，在维持氧化还原稳态以减轻氧化损伤方面发挥了重要作用。此外，甘氨酸甜菜碱的积累主要有助于渗透稳态的重建。重要的是，高丰度的格列敏状参与脂肪酸代谢的蛋白质和酶可能积极地促进的碱公差S. corniculata。总之，这项研究为盐生植物S.corniculata的生理和代谢特征提供了新的见解 盐和碱胁迫，这加深了我们对盐生植物如何重新编程分子活动以应对土壤中的盐度和碱度的理解。