To endow Ti-based orthopedic implants immunomodulatory capability and thus enhanced osseointegration, different amounts of Sr are doped in Na₂TiO₃ nanorods in the arrays with identical nanotopographic parameters (rod diameter, length and inter-rod spacing) by substitution of Na⁺ using hydrothermal treatment. The obtained arrays are denoted as STSr2, STSr4, and STSr7, where the arabic numbers indicate the incorporating amounts of Sr in Na₂TiO₃. The modulation effects of the Sr-doped nanorods arrays on macrophage polarization and osteogenetic functions of osteoblasts are investigated, together with the array without Sr (ST). Moreover, osseointegration of these arrays are also assayed in rat femoral condyles. Sr-doped nanorods arrays accelerate M1 (pro-inflammatory phenotype)-to-M2 (anti-inflammatory phenotype) transformation of the adhered macrophages, enhancing secretion of pro-osteogenetic cytokines and growth factors (TGF-β1 and BMP2), moreover, the Sr doped arrays directly enhance osteogenetic functions of osteoblasts. The enhancement of paracrine of M2 macrophages and osteogenetic function of osteoblasts is promoted with the increase of Sr incorporating amounts. Consequently, Sr doped arrays show significantly enhanced osseointegration in vivo compared to ST, and STSr7 exhibits the best performance. Our work sheds a new light on the design of surface chemical components and structures for orthopedic implants to enhance their osseointegration.

为了赋予钛基骨科植入物免疫调节能力，从而增强骨整合，通过使用Na ⁺替代，在具有相同纳米形貌参数（棒直径、长度和棒间距）的阵列中的Na ₂ TiO ₃纳米棒中掺杂不同量的Sr。水热处理。获得的阵列被表示为STSr2、STSr4和STSr7，其中阿拉伯数字表示Na ₂ TiO ₃中Sr的掺入量。与不含 Sr 的阵列 (ST) 一起研究了掺 Sr 纳米棒阵列对巨噬细胞极化和成骨细胞成骨功能的调节作用。此外，还在大鼠股骨髁中测定了这些阵列的骨整合。 Sr掺杂纳米棒阵列加速粘附巨噬细胞的M1（促炎表型）到M2（抗炎表型）的转化，增强促骨细胞因子和生长因子（TGF-β1和BMP2）的分泌，此外，掺锶阵列直接增强成骨细胞的成骨功能。随着Sr掺入量的增加，M2巨噬细胞的旁分泌和成骨细胞的成骨功能增强。因此，与 ST 相比，Sr 掺杂阵列显示出体内骨整合显着增强，并且 STSr7 表现出最佳性能。我们的工作为骨科植入物的表面化学成分和结构的设计提供了新的思路，以增强其骨整合。