The mercury ion (Hg²⁺) is one of the heavy metal ions, and its presence in trace amounts can cause physiological damage to an organism. Traditional methods of Hg²⁺ detection have been useful but have also had numerous limitations and challenges, and as a result, it is important to design new and sophisticated methods that can aid in the detection of Hg²⁺. In this paper, two fluorescent dyes, carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and SYBR Green I, were used to label and intercalate DNA probes immobilized on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) for sensors to detect Hg²⁺. FAM and SYBR Green I dye share close excitation and emission wavelength spectra, which can promote and amplify the detection of signals, and also increase the limit of detection (LOD). The results showed that the limit of detection in this method was 0.53 nM. Moreover, when the sensors with double amino groups on the surface of GO were carried out to detect Hg²⁺, a limit of detection was improved to 0.43 nM. The sensors were then applied in the real sample. The results show that this method has a promising potential in Hg²⁺ detection.

中文翻译：

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使用氧化石墨烯 (GO) 传感器对汞离子进行高灵敏度检测

汞离子（Hg ²⁺）是重金属离子之一，微量存在会对生物体造成生理损伤。传统的 Hg ²⁺检测方法很有用，但也存在许多局限性和挑战，因此，设计有助于检测 Hg ^{2+ 的}新型复杂方法非常重要。在本文中，两种荧光染料，羧基荧光素 (FAM) 和 SYBR Green I，用于标记和嵌入固定在氧化石墨烯 (GO) 表面的 DNA 探针，用于传感器检测 Hg ²⁺. FAM 和 SYBR Green I 染料共享接近的激发和发射波长光谱，可以促进和放大信号的检测，也可以提高检测限 (LOD)。结果表明，该方法的检测限为0.53 nM。此外，当使用GO表面双氨基的传感器检测Hg ^{2+ 时}，检测限提高到0.43 nM。然后将传感器应用于实际样品中。结果表明，该方法在 Hg ²⁺检测中具有广阔的应用前景。