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Whatever Happened to Henri Bergson?
Modern Judaism ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-30 , DOI: 10.1093/mj/kjab009
Stephen J Whitfield 1
Affiliation  

In the early decades of the twentieth century, Henri Bergson (1859–1941) ranked among the world’s most eminent philosophers. His distinction between clock-time and time as subjectively experienced, as well as his invocation of the élan vital as driving humanity to higher planes of creativity and freedom, enabled him to enjoy unparalleled influence among French students as well as international writers. Bergson personified philosophy. He also seemed to justify the gamble of emancipation that France had taken barely a century earlier, in granting talented Jews the opportunity to flourish. In 1927 Bergson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. Yet very soon thereafter, the prominence that he had enjoyed quite precipitously declined, and he drifted into obscurity from which his writings have yet to recover. How can such an eclipse be explained? Part of the reason was an inevitable shift in philosophic fashion. By the 1920s, belles-lettres aimed at an educated public yielded to linguistic analysis in the Anglo-American world and to phenomenology on the continent. Part of the reason was the shock of the First World War. Its carnage led to disillusionment and to pessimism, which made Bergson’s paeans to the intuitive powers of humanity seem tone-deaf. Another part of the reason was an illness that left him virtually speechless—and thus unresponsive—for the last fifteen years of his life, which was cut short by the German invasion and occupation. Registering as a Jew in the dead of winter, Bergson died—a victim of Nazism—of pneumonia.

中文翻译:

亨利·柏格森怎么了?

在 20 世纪初的几十年里,亨利·柏格森(Henri Bergson,1859-1941)跻身世界最杰出的哲学家之列。他对时钟时间和主观体验的时间的区别,以及他对推动人类创造力和自由的更高层次的活力的调用,使他在法国学生和国际作家中享有无与伦比的影响力。柏格森是哲学的化身。他似乎还证明了法国在仅仅一个世纪前进行的解放赌博是正当的,即给予有才华的犹太人繁荣的机会。1927年柏格森获得诺贝尔文学奖。然而不久之后,他所享有的声望急剧下降,他的作品还没有恢复到默默无闻的境地。如何解释这样的日食?部分原因是哲学时尚不可避免的转变。到 1920 年代,针对受过教育的公众的美女文学让步于英美世界的语言分析和欧洲大陆的现象学。部分原因是第一次世界大战的冲击。它的大屠杀导致了幻灭和悲观主义,这使得柏格森对人类直觉力量的赞歌似乎充耳不闻。另一部分原因是一种疾病,在他生命的最后 15 年里,他几乎无言以对,因此没有反应,这被德国入侵和占领打断了。伯格森在严冬登记为犹太人,死于肺炎——纳粹主义的受害者。针对受过教育的公众的美女文学屈服于英美世界的语言分析和非洲大陆的现象学。部分原因是第一次世界大战的冲击。它的大屠杀导致了幻灭和悲观主义,这使得柏格森对人类直觉力量的赞歌似乎充耳不闻。另一部分原因是一种疾病,在他生命的最后 15 年里,他几乎无言以对,因此没有反应,这被德国入侵和占领打断了。伯格森在严冬登记为犹太人,死于肺炎——纳粹主义的受害者。针对受过教育的公众的美女文学屈服于英美世界的语言分析和非洲大陆的现象学。部分原因是第一次世界大战的冲击。它的大屠杀导致了幻灭和悲观主义,这使得柏格森对人类直觉力量的赞歌似乎充耳不闻。另一部分原因是一种疾病,在他生命的最后 15 年里,他几乎无言以对,因此没有反应,这被德国入侵和占领打断了。伯格森在严冬登记为犹太人,死于肺炎——纳粹主义的受害者。这使得柏格森对人类直觉力量的赞歌似乎是聋哑的。另一部分原因是一种疾病,在他生命的最后 15 年里,他几乎无言以对,因此没有反应,这被德国入侵和占领打断了。伯格森在严冬登记为犹太人,死于肺炎——纳粹主义的受害者。这使得柏格森对人类直觉力量的赞歌似乎是聋哑的。另一部分原因是一种疾病,在他生命的最后 15 年里,他几乎无言以对,因此没有反应,这被德国入侵和占领打断了。伯格森在严冬登记为犹太人,死于肺炎——纳粹主义的受害者。
更新日期:2021-07-30
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