Objective

Failure of dental implants treatment is frequently the result of bacterial colonization of implants followed by diseases like peri-implantitis. Recent studies have been made regarding the surface treatment of implants components, namely abutments that are in the interface of the living tissue with the implant. This work aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial profile of a silane-based coating with TiO₂ adapted to an abutment screw, that was also developed as an anti-loosening agent, to prevent adhesion and migration of Gram + and Gram-bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, respectively.

Methods

Direct contact antimicrobial studies were conducted on coated and uncoated samples by resazurin fluorescent assay and cytotoxicity assessment was done via MTT indirect method on days 1 and 4. Sterilizations studies by FTIR analysis were also performed to understand the ideal balance between sterilization efficacy and coating functionality subjecting the samples to ethylene oxide, gamma irradiation, and autoclave sterilization, before antimicrobial testing. The implant system as a whole was also studied for its ability to block bacterial migration and preventing microleakage as well as an assessment of initial bacterial adhesion evaluated by scanning electron microscopy.

Results

Direct contact studies performed on coated samples showed a very high antimicrobial activity, while cytotoxicity assays revealed the coating to be safe and non-leachable. Sterilizations studies showed that the antimicrobial features of the coating were preserved and interchangeable regardless of the sterilization method. The implant system migration studies demonstrated that the implant system works as an efficient barrier for the studied bacteria.

Significance

The acquired results clearly show that it is possible to obtain a highly functional coating with obvious and marked antimicrobial features that together with an abutment that prevents bacterial migration and versatility in sterilization methodology has a very high potential in the dental implant field.

中文翻译：

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牙种植体基台涂层的抗菌特性，可防止细菌粘附和迁移以及螺钉松动

客观的

种植牙治疗失败的原因通常是种植牙细菌定植，随后是种植体周围炎等疾病。最近对种植体部件的表面处理进行了研究，即位于活体组织与种植体界面的基台。这项工作旨在评估具有适用于基台螺钉的TiO ₂的硅烷基涂层的抗菌特性，该涂层也被开发为抗松剂，以防止革兰氏 + 和革兰氏细菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的粘附和迁移，和大肠杆菌，分别。

方法

通过刃天青荧光测定对涂层和未涂层​​样品进行直接接触抗菌研究，并在第 1 天和第 4 天通过 MTT 间接方法进行细胞毒性评估。还进行了 FTIR 分析的灭菌研究，以了解灭菌效果和涂层功能之间的理想平衡。在进行抗菌测试之前，将样品进行环氧乙烷、伽马辐射和高压灭菌。还研究了整个植入系统阻止细菌迁移和防止微渗漏的能力，以及通过扫描电子显微镜评估初始细菌粘附的评估。

结果

对涂层样品进行的直接接触研究显示出非常高的抗菌活性，而细胞毒性分析表明涂层是安全且不可浸出的。灭菌研究表明，无论采用何种灭菌方法，涂层的抗菌特性均得以保留并可互换。植入系统迁移研究表明，植入系统可作为研究细菌的有效屏障。

意义

获得的结果清楚地表明，有可能获得具有明显和显着抗菌特征的高功能涂层，该涂层与防止细菌迁移的基台和消毒方法的多功能性一起在牙种植体领域具有非常高的潜力。