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Production Systems and Growing Environments Had Stronger Effects than Grafting on the Nutritional Quality of Tomato
ACS Food Science & Technology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-31 , DOI: 10.1021/acsfoodscitech.1c00051 Madhumita Joshi 1 , Daniel Leskovar 1 , Desire Djidonou 1 , John Jifon 2 , Carlos Avila 2 , Joseph Masabni 3 , Kevin Crosby 4
ACS Food Science & Technology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-31 , DOI: 10.1021/acsfoodscitech.1c00051 Madhumita Joshi 1 , Daniel Leskovar 1 , Desire Djidonou 1 , John Jifon 2 , Carlos Avila 2 , Joseph Masabni 3 , Kevin Crosby 4
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Grafting in tomatoes is widely used to increase tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and productivity. Divergent information is available on the impact of somatogenetic interactions between rootstock and scion on the nutritional status and fruit quality attributes of tomato. The productivity of tomato grafting and produce quality are also influenced by agronomic practices such as production systems and growing environments. This study evaluated the effects of grafting on metabolic traits contributing to the quality of fruits grown in protected (high tunnel, HT) and unprotected (open field, OF) production systems across three Texas environments (Overton, Uvalde, and Weslaco) during two spring seasons. Grafted combinations included two rootstocks (“Estamino” and “Multifort”) and two scions (“TAM. Hot Ty”, “Tycoon” in 2017; and “TAM Hot Ty”, “HM1823” in 2018). Over the two seasons, fruits of grafted tomato plants exhibited a 10–18% reduction in ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content, but total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and most metabolites such as sucrose, glucose, fructose, polyphenol, and carotenoids (lycopene, β-carotene, lutein) were unaffected by grafting. Conversely, the production system (HT vs OF) significantly influenced fruit quality traits with HT increasing lycopene (36%), β-carotene (20%), fructose (16.7%), glucose (14.3%), and TSS/TA (B/A ratio) (22%) as compared to OF in the 2017 season but not 2018. Tomato fruit quality was also impacted by the environment and its interactions with production systems. In the 2017 growing season, Uvalde grown fruits possessed significantly higher carotenoids and lower vitamin C, whereas in 2018 lycopene, β-carotene, and vitamin C content were lowest in Uvalde fruits compared to other environments. A significant environmental variation in the accumulation of carotenoids (lycopene, β-carotene, and lutein) and ascorbic acid was observed among growing environments. The study suggests that metabolic traits related to fruit quality in tomato are mostly affected by the production system and growing environments.
中文翻译：
生产系统和生长环境对番茄营养质量的影响比嫁接大
番茄嫁接被广泛用于提高对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性和生产力。关于砧木和接穗之间的体格相互作用对番茄营养状况和果实品质属性的影响，目前存在不同的信息。番茄嫁接的生产力和产品质量也受到农艺实践的影响，如生产系统和生长环境。本研究评估了嫁接对两个春季期间在德克萨斯州三个环境（Overton、Uvalde 和 Weslaco）的受保护（高隧道，HT）和未受保护（开阔地，OF）生产系统中生长的果实质量的代谢性状的影响季节。嫁接组合包括两个砧木（“Estamino”和“Multifort”）和两个接穗（“TAM. Hot Ty”，2017 年的“Tycoon”；和“TAM Hot Ty”，2018 年的“HM1823”）。在两个季节中，嫁接番茄植株果实的抗坏血酸（维生素 C）含量降低了 10-18%，但总可溶性固形物 (TSS)、可滴定酸度 (TA) 和大多数代谢物如蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、多酚和类胡萝卜素（番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素）不受接枝影响。相反，生产系统（HT vs OF）显着影响果实品质性状，HT 增加番茄红素（36%）、β-胡萝卜素（20%）、果糖（16.7%）、葡萄糖（14.3%）和 TSS/TA（B /A 比率) (22%) 与 2017 年而非 2018 年的 OF 相比。番茄果实的质量还受到环境及其与生产系统相互作用的影响。在 2017 年的生长季节，Uvalde 种植的水果类胡萝卜素含量明显较高，维生素 C 含量较低，而在 2018 年，番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、与其他环境相比，Uvalde 水果中的维生素 C 含量最低。在生长环境中观察到类胡萝卜素（番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素）和抗坏血酸积累的显着环境变化。该研究表明，与番茄果实品质相关的代谢性状主要受生产系统和生长环境的影响。
更新日期：2021-09-17
中文翻译：
生产系统和生长环境对番茄营养质量的影响比嫁接大
番茄嫁接被广泛用于提高对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性和生产力。关于砧木和接穗之间的体格相互作用对番茄营养状况和果实品质属性的影响，目前存在不同的信息。番茄嫁接的生产力和产品质量也受到农艺实践的影响，如生产系统和生长环境。本研究评估了嫁接对两个春季期间在德克萨斯州三个环境（Overton、Uvalde 和 Weslaco）的受保护（高隧道，HT）和未受保护（开阔地，OF）生产系统中生长的果实质量的代谢性状的影响季节。嫁接组合包括两个砧木（“Estamino”和“Multifort”）和两个接穗（“TAM. Hot Ty”，2017 年的“Tycoon”；和“TAM Hot Ty”，2018 年的“HM1823”）。在两个季节中，嫁接番茄植株果实的抗坏血酸（维生素 C）含量降低了 10-18%，但总可溶性固形物 (TSS)、可滴定酸度 (TA) 和大多数代谢物如蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、多酚和类胡萝卜素（番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素）不受接枝影响。相反，生产系统（HT vs OF）显着影响果实品质性状，HT 增加番茄红素（36%）、β-胡萝卜素（20%）、果糖（16.7%）、葡萄糖（14.3%）和 TSS/TA（B /A 比率) (22%) 与 2017 年而非 2018 年的 OF 相比。番茄果实的质量还受到环境及其与生产系统相互作用的影响。在 2017 年的生长季节，Uvalde 种植的水果类胡萝卜素含量明显较高，维生素 C 含量较低，而在 2018 年，番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、与其他环境相比，Uvalde 水果中的维生素 C 含量最低。在生长环境中观察到类胡萝卜素（番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素）和抗坏血酸积累的显着环境变化。该研究表明，与番茄果实品质相关的代谢性状主要受生产系统和生长环境的影响。
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