Etiological models highlight reduced punishment sensitivity as a core risk factor for disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) and callous-unemotional (CU) traits. The current study examined neural sensitivity to the anticipation and receipt of loss, one key aspect of punishment sensitivity, among youth with DBD, comparing those with and without CU traits. Data were obtained from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD)^SM Study (N = 11,874; Mage = 9.51; 48% female). Loss-related fMRI activity during the monetary incentive delay task was examined across 16 empirically-derived a priori brain regions (e.g., striatum, amygdala, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex) and compared across the following groups: (1) typically developing (n = 693); (2) DBD (n = 995), subdivided into those (3) with CU traits (DBD + CU, n = 198), and (4) without CU traits (DBD-only, n = 276). Latent variable modeling was also employed to examine network-level activity. There were no significant between-group differences in brain activity to loss anticipation or receipt. Null findings were confirmed with and without covariates, using alternative grouping approaches, and in dimensional models. Network-level analyses also demonstrated comparable activity across groups during loss anticipation and receipt. Findings suggest that differences in punishment sensitivity among youth with DBD are unrelated to loss anticipation or receipt. More precise characterizations of other aspects punishment sensitivity are needed to understand risk for DBD and CU traits.

病因模型强调惩罚敏感性降低是破坏性行为障碍 (DBD) 和冷酷无情 (CU) 特征的核心风险因素。目前的研究检查了患有 DBD 的青年对预期和接受损失的神经敏感性，这是惩罚敏感性的一个关键方面，比较了那些有和没有 CU 特征的人。数据来自青少年大脑和认知发展 (ABCD) ^SM研究（N = 11,874；法师 = 9.51；48% 女性）。在货币激励延迟任务期间与损失相关的 fMRI 活动在 16 个凭经验得出的先验大脑区域（例如纹状体、杏仁核、岛叶、前扣带回皮层、内侧前额叶皮层）进行检查，并在以下组之间进行比较：（1）通常发展中（n = 693）；(2) DBD (n = 995)，细分为 (3) 具有 CU 特征 (DBD + CU, n = 198) 和 (4) 没有 CU 特征 (仅 DBD, n = 276)。潜在变量建模也被用来检查网络级别的活动。对失去预期或接受的大脑活动没有显着的组间差异。使用替代分组方法和维度模型确认了有无协变量的空结果。网络层面的分析还表明，在损失预期和接收期间，各组之间的活动相当。研究结果表明，DBD 青少年的惩罚敏感性差异与损失预期或接受无关。需要对其他方面的惩罚敏感性进行更精确的表征，以了解 DBD 和 CU 特征的风险。