Now more than ever, traditional healthcare models are being overhauled with digital technologies of Healthcare 4.0 increasingly adopted. Worldwide, digital devices are improving every stage of the patient care pathway. For one, sensors are being used to monitor patient metrics 24/7, permitting swift diagnosis and interventions. At the treatment stage, 3D printers are under investigation for the concept of personalised medicine by allowing patients access to on-demand, customisable therapeutics. Robots are also being explored for treatment, by empowering precision surgery, rehabilitation, or targeted drug delivery. Within medical logistics, drones are being leveraged to deliver critical treatments to remote areas, collect samples, and even provide emergency aid. To enable seamless integration within healthcare, the Internet of Things technology is being exploited to form closed-loop systems that remotely communicate with one another. This review outlines the most promising healthcare technologies and devices, their strengths, drawbacks, and opportunities for clinical adoption.

现在，随着医疗保健 4.0 的数字技术越来越多地被采用，传统的医疗保健模式比以往任何时候都更加彻底。在全球范围内，数字设备正在改善患者护理路径的每个阶段。一方面，传感器被用于 24/7 全天候监控患者指标，从而实现快速诊断和干预。在治疗阶段，3D 打印机正在研究个性化医疗的概念，它允许患者获得按需、可定制的治疗方法。机器人也正在被探索用于治疗，通过赋予精确手术、康复或靶向药物输送的能力。在医疗物流领域，无人机被用来为偏远地区提供关键治疗、收集样本，甚至提供紧急援助。为了实现医疗保健内部的无缝集成，物联网技术正被用于形成相互远程通信的闭环系统。这篇综述概述了最有前途的医疗保健技术和设备、它们的优势、缺点和临床采用的机会。