ABSTRACT

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and green synthesis have hegemony over their counterparts. This paper reviews- green synthesis mechanism, antimicrobial mechanism and, incorporation of AgNPs in textiles. Green synthesis is nontoxic, unlike chemical methods, cost-effective and precise, unlike physical techniques. In green synthesis, the reconversion of biomolecules from NADPH to NADP⁺releases electrons that reduce silver ions. Harmoniously, the functional groups of biomolecules act as polar-end to formulate steric stabilization. Green synthesized AgNPs are loaded on fabrics through different loading techniques such as pad-dry-cure, immersion, in situ, and others. This review also depicts the feasible mechanisms to explain the antimicrobial action of AgNPs. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs is adequate for annihilating both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The nanoparticle morphology depends on various constituents such as pH, temperature, concentration, and others. The acidic environment causes a larger nanoparticle size. Typically, the room temperature is enough for green synthesis. Whereas, high concentration of either plant extracts or metal precursors causes large nanoparticles. Hence, various shapes and sizes are possible by consolidating diverse concentrations of plants and metal precursors. Complicated connections may prevail amongst numerous concentrations, pH, temperature, and others with varying phytochemicals.

摘要

银纳米粒子 (AgNPs) 和绿色合成相对于其对应物具有霸权。本文综述了绿色合成机制、抗菌机制以及 AgNPs 在纺织品中的掺入。绿色合成是无毒的，与化学方法不同，与物理技术不同，具有成本效益和精确性。在绿色合成中，生物分子从 NADPH 到 NADP ⁺的再转化会释放出能还原银离子的电子。和谐地，生物分子的官能团作为极性末端来制定空间稳定性。绿色合成的 AgNPs 通过不同的加载技术加载到织物上，如轧干固化、浸渍、原位， 和别的。本综述还描述了解释 AgNPs 抗菌作用的可行机制。AgNPs 的抗菌活性足以消灭革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌。纳米颗粒的形态取决于各种成分，如 pH 值、温度、浓度等。酸性环境导致更大的纳米颗粒尺寸。通常，室温足以进行绿色合成。然而，高浓度的植物提取物或金属前体会产生大的纳米颗粒。因此，通过整合不同浓度的植物和金属前体，各种形状和尺寸是可能的。复杂的联系可能在众多浓度、pH 值、温度和其他具有不同植物化学物质的情况下普遍存在。