In this review, we examined the European legislative context on water protection concerning pesticide residues monitoring and the relevant National Action Plans and strategies that were undertaken in European countries to better identify and manage the problem in water bodies.

Furthermore, we illustrated the development of analytical methodologies and criticalities connected to determine pesticide residues in water matrices, including sampling, sample preparation approaches, instrumental analyses and specific applications emphasising those works published after 2015.

Details about sampling strategies, analytical feasibility, official methods, degradation products and behaviour in the environment for a subset of 160 pesticides are also provided.

在本次审查中，我们研究了欧洲关于农药残留监测的水保护立法背景，以及欧洲国家为更好地识别和管理水体问题而采取的相关国家行动计划和战略。

此外，我们还展示了与测定水基质中农药残留相关的分析方法和关键性的发展，包括采样、样品制备方法、仪器分析和特定应用，重点介绍了 2015 年之后发表的工作。

还提供了关于 160 种农药的一个子集的采样策略、分析可行性、官方方法、降解产物和环境行为的详细信息。