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Pseudouridines in RNAs: switching atoms means shifting paradigms
FEBS Letters ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 , DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14188
Ting-Yu Lin 1 , Rahul Mehta 1 , Sebastian Glatt 1
Affiliation  

The structure, stability, and function of various coding and noncoding RNAs are influenced by chemical modifications. Pseudouridine (Ψ) is one of the most abundant post-transcriptional RNA base modifications and has been detected at individual positions in tRNAs, rRNAs, mRNAs, and snRNAs, which are referred to as Ψ-sites. By allowing formation of additional bonds with neighboring atoms, Ψ strengthens RNA–RNA and RNA–protein interactions. Although many aspects of the underlying modification reactions remain unclear, the advent of new transcriptome-wide methods to quantitatively detect Ψ-sites has recently changed our perception of the functional roles and importance of Ψ. For instance, it is now clear that the occurrence of Ψs appears to be directly linked to the lifetime and the translation efficiency of a given mRNA molecule. Furthermore, the administration of Ψ-containing RNAs reduces innate immune responses, which appears strikingly advantageous for the development of generations of mRNA-based vaccines. In this review, we aim to comprehensively summarize recent discoveries that highlight the impact of Ψ on various types of RNAs and outline possible novel biomedical applications of Ψ.

中文翻译:

RNA中的假尿苷:转换原子意味着改变范式

各种编码和非编码 RNA 的结构、稳定性和功能受化学修饰的影响。假尿苷 (Ψ) 是最丰富的转录后 RNA 碱基修饰之一,已在 tRNA、rRNA、mRNA 和 snRNA 的各个位置检测到,这些位置称为 Ψ 位点。通过允许与相邻原子形成额外的键,Ψ 加强了 RNA-RNA 和 RNA-蛋白质的相互作用。尽管潜在修饰反应的许多方面仍不清楚,但用于定量检测 Ψ 位点的新转录组范围方法的出现最近改变了我们对 Ψ 的功能作用和重要性的看法。例如,现在很清楚 Ψs 的出现似乎与给定 mRNA 分子的寿命和翻译效率直接相关。此外,施用含Ψ的RNA可减少先天免疫反应,这似乎对开发几代基于mRNA的疫苗非常有利。在这篇综述中,我们旨在全面总结最近的发现,这些发现突出了 Ψ 对各种类型 RNA 的影响,并概述了 Ψ 可能的新型生物医学应用。
更新日期:2021-09-27
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