The investigation of rock damage behaviour is an important requirement for ensuring stability control and safety prediction in rock engineering. In this study, based on the linear energy dissipation law and energy dissipation coefficient, a theoretical method is introduced for characterising the damage of intact rocks under uniaxial compression conditions. The existing uniaxial compression test data of 14 kinds of rock materials (including 6 types of granite, 4 types of sandstone, 2 types of marble, 1 type of slate, and 1 type of limestone) were used to verify the effectiveness of the damage characterization method. The results indicate that the damage evolution process of rocks under uniaxial compression can be fully expressed by the proposed theoretical damage characterisation method, and the damage variable exhibits a quadratic functional relationship with the loading stress level. Moreover, with the linear energy storage law serving as a theoretical basis, the peak dissipated strain energy in a rock damage expression under uniaxial compression can be accurately calculated. The new theoretical damage characterisation method overcomes the shortcomings of conventional damage characterisation methods (e.g. estimating the peak dissipated strain energy through a hypothesis), and provides a new means for analysing rock damage from an energy viewpoint.

岩石损伤行为研究是保证岩石工程稳定性控制和安全预测的重要要求。本研究基于线性能量耗散规律和能量耗散系数，引入了一种表征完整岩石在单轴压缩条件下损伤的理论方法。现有14种岩石材料（其中花岗岩6种，花岗岩4种）单轴压缩试验数据砂岩、2 种大理石、1 种板岩和 1 种石灰岩）用于验证损伤表征方法的有效性。结果表明，所提出的理论损伤表征方法可以完整表达岩石单轴压缩下的损伤演化过程，损伤变量与加载应力水平呈二次函数关系。此外，以线性储能定律为理论基础，可以准确计算单轴压缩下岩石损伤表达式中的峰值耗散应变能。新的理论损伤表征方法克服了传统损伤表征方法的缺点（例如通过假设估计峰值耗散应变能），