Diabetes is a metabolic disorder defined by higher blood glucose levels in the body generally controlled by antidiabetic agents (oral) and insulin (subcutaneous). To avoid the limitations of the conventional routes such as lower bioavailability and pain at the site of injection in case of parenteral route modified delivery systems are proposed like transdermal, pulmonary and inhalation delivery and among the other delivery systems nasal drug delivery system that shows the advantages such as reduced frequency of dose, higher patient compliance, safety, ease of administration, prolonged residence time, improved absorption of drug in the body, higher bioavailability and stability. This review article discusses the strategies adopted for the delivery of antidiabetic drugs by the intranasal delivery system. The insulin and glucagon-like peptides on experimentation show results of improved therapeutic levels and patient compliance. The drugs are transported by the paracellular route and absorbed through the epithelial tight junctions successfully by utilising different strategies. The limitations of the nasal delivery such as irritation or burning on administration, degradation by the enzymes, mucociliary clearance, lesser volume of the nasal cavity and permeation through the nasal mucosa. To overcome the challenges different strategies for the nasal administration are studied such as polymers, particulate delivery systems, complexation with peptides and smart delivery using glucose-responsive systems. A vast scope of intranasal preparations exists for antidiabetic drugs in the future for the management of diabetes and more clinical studies are the requirement for the societal impact to battle against diabetes.

糖尿病是一种代谢紊乱，由体内较高的血糖水平定义，通常由抗糖尿病药物（口服）和胰岛素（皮下注射）控制。为了避免常规途径的局限性，例如在注射部位的生物利用度较低和疼痛，在胃肠外途径的情况下，提出了改进的递送系统，如透皮、肺和吸入递送以及其他递送系统鼻腔给药系统，显示出优点例如减少给药频率、更高的患者依从性、安全性、易于给药、延长停留时间、改善药物在体内的吸收、更高的生物利用度和稳定性。这篇综述文章讨论了通过鼻内递送系统递送抗糖尿病药物所采用的策略。实验中的胰岛素和胰高血糖素样肽显示出改善治疗水平和患者依从性的结果。药物通过细胞旁途径运输，并通过利用不同的策略成功地通过上皮紧密连接被吸收。鼻腔给药的局限性，例如给药时的刺激或灼烧感、酶的降解、黏膜纤毛清除、鼻腔体积较小和通过鼻黏膜的渗透。为了克服这些挑战，研究了不同的鼻腔给药策略，例如聚合物、颗粒递送系统、与肽的复合以及使用葡萄糖响应系统的智能递送。