Microbial electrochemical processes are primary platforms for generating electricity or value-added products by relying on the interaction between electroactive microorganisms and electrodes by utilizing electron carriers like hydrogen and enzyme through the oxidation–reduction reactions. Microbial electrosynthesis (MES), initially introduced as electricity-driven bioproduction from CO₂, offered a novel pathway to produce biochemicals that eventually contribute to the CO₂ sequestration. While most of the previous reviews concentrate on these microbial electrochemical platforms jointly referred to as MXC, such as Microbial fuel cell and microbial electrolysis cell, MES has grown tremendously in recent years, requiring a severe update on the scientific information on this topic. In this mini-review, the significant achievements in MES, specifically towards the production of a wide array of specialty chemicals, have been addressed by summarizing the recent scientific breakthroughs of the MES technology. Furthermore, improving MES's performance through modification of electrodes and membranes and outlook section with the technical challenges and probable solutions have been discussed. The review summarizes the technological drawbacks of the MES's towards a sustainable commercial platform for industrial commodities production and proposes ways to overcome the existing technical challenges in a nutshell towards turning MES in a full-fledged industrial-scale production platform.

微生物电化学过程是通过氧化还原反应利用氢和酶等电子载体，依靠电活性微生物与电极之间的相互作用来发电或产生附加值产品的主要平台。微生物电合成 (MES)，最初是作为从 CO _{2 的}电力驱动生物生产引入的，提供了一种新的途径来生产最终有助于 CO _{2 的}生化物质隔离。虽然之前的大多数评论都集中在这些统称为 MXC 的微生物电化学平台上，例如微生物燃料电池和微生物电解电池，但近年来 MES 发展迅猛，需要对该主题的科学信息进行严格的更新。在这篇小型评论中，MES 的重大成就，特别是在各种特种化学品的生产方面，已经通过总结 MES 技术的最新科学突破得到了解决。此外，还讨论了通过修改电极和膜来提高 MES 的性能，并讨论了技术挑战和可能的解决方案的前景部分。审查总结了 MES 的技术缺陷