The present study examined the predictive properties of three youth forensic measures—the Violence Risk Scale-Youth Version (VRS-YV), Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY), and the Structured Assessment of Protective Factors-Youth Version (SAPROF-YV)—in a diverse court-adjudicated sample of 257 youth referred for assessment and intervention services at an outpatient mental health facility, and followed up an average of 9.4 years in the community. Study measures were rated from court and clinical files, along with treatment participation, and recidivism outcome data were obtained from official criminal records. The three measures had strong interrater and convergent validity, and moderate to high predictive accuracy for violent, nonviolent, and general recidivism. The measures significantly predicted outcome across male, female, Indigenous, and non-Indigenous groups; however, prediction magnitudes showed some variability with respect to specific risk/protection domains and outcome types. Cox regression survival analyses demonstrated incremental predictive validity for each violence risk measure, but not protection measures, with respect to each of the three recidivism outcomes. Moreover, pre-/posttreatment measurements of change on the VRS-YV dynamic factors were significantly associated with decreased nonviolent recidivism, controlling for baseline risk and protection. Violence risk (VRS-YV) and protection (SAPROF-YV) scores have the potential to be integrated in meaningful ways to capture the potential risk-mitigating effects of protective factors. Implications for integrating risk, protection, and treatment change information in clinical–forensic service delivery to diverse and violent youth populations are discussed.

中文翻译：

---

性别和种族文化多元化的法庭裁决青年样本中的动态暴力风险、保护因素和治疗变化。

本研究检查了三种青少年法医测量的预测特性——暴力风险量表 - 青少年版 (VRS-YV)、青少年暴力风险结构化评估 (SAVRY) 和保护因素结构化评估 - 青少年版 (SAPROF- YV)——在一个多元化的法庭裁决样本中，257 名青年被转介到门诊精神卫生机构接受评估和干预服务，并在社区平均随访 9.4 年。研究措施根据法庭和临床档案以及治疗参与情况进行评级，累犯结果数据来自官方犯罪记录。这三项措施具有很强的评估者效度和收敛效度，对暴力、非暴力和一般累犯的预测准确性为中度至高度。这些措施显着预测了男性、女性、土著和非土著群体；然而，预测幅度在特定风险/保护领域和结果类型方面显示出一些可变性。Cox 回归生存分析表明，对于三个累犯结果中的每一个，每个暴力风险测量的增量预测有效性，但不是保护措施。此外，对 VRS-YV 动态因素变化的治疗前/后测量与减少非暴力累犯、控制基线风险和保护显着相关。暴力风险 (VRS-YV) 和保护 (SAPROF-YV) 评分有可能以有意义的方式进行整合，以捕捉保护因素的潜在风险缓解效果。整合风险、保护、