In this research, the numerical simulation of the heat transfer phenomenon in dissimilar laser welding was performed. Metals of stainless steel 304 (AISI 304) and pure copper in the moving state were exposed to laser energy, and an asymmetric thermal field was obtained. The cross-sectional area of the concentrated beam and its intensity distribution were considered circular and Gaussian, respectively. Physical properties of metals, depending on temperature and thermophysical changes in the material properties, were considered. Different temperature distributions were obtained by changing various parameters, such as focal length, welding speed, and power; the obtained results were then compared with the experimental ones. The results showed that the molten pool formation was asymmetric and deviated toward the AISI 304 sheet. The heat affected zone (HAZ) was also more toward the AISI 304 sheet. The increase of the molten pool dimensions was much more significant due to the enhancement in the average power, as compared to the other parameters, thus indicating that the average power was a key factor increasing the dimensions of the molten pool. The results of the numerical simulation were consistent with the experimental results, proving their correctness.

中文翻译：

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AISI 304与纯铜异种激光焊接过程中温度分布和熔池尺寸的数值研究

本研究对异种激光焊接中的传热现象进行了数值模拟。将处于运动状态的不锈钢 304 (AISI 304) 和纯铜金属暴露在激光能量下，获得了不对称的热场。集中光束的横截面积及其强度分布分别被认为是圆形和高斯分布。金属的物理特性取决于温度和材料特性的热物理变化。通过改变焦距、焊接速度、功率等各种参数，得到不同的温度分布；然后将获得的结果与实验结果进行比较。结果表明，熔池的形成是不对称的，并且偏向于 AISI 304 片材。热影响区 (HAZ) 也更倾向于 AISI 304 板材。与其他参数相比，由于平均功率的提高，熔池尺寸的增加更为显着，因此表明平均功率是增加熔池尺寸的关键因素。数值模拟结果与实验结果一致，证明了其正确性。