Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the eight most populous nation in the world. She is currently the largest economy in Africa. Nigeria is considered to be relatively wealthy in terms of oil reserves; however, the level of poverty is still very high because of corruption and mismanagement. This study investigates the impact of public health expenditure on health outcomes in Nigeria, 1985–2019. Empirical results from the Classical Regression Analysis reveal that health expenditure by the government reduces under-5 mortality rate significantly and improves life expectancy. Furthermore, immunization against measles was found to reduce under-5 mortality rate, while prevalence of HIV reduces life expectancy. The study therefore recommends that there is need for government expenditure on health to be targeted at areas that will improve health outcomes significantly. With adequate funding and proper monitoring, a resource-abundant nation like Nigeria, can become healthier. However, if this is not done, the wealthy may not be healthy after all.

尼日利亚是非洲人口最多的国家，也是世界上人口最多的八个国家。她目前是非洲最大的经济体。就石油储量而言，尼日利亚被认为相对富裕；然而，由于腐败和管理不善，贫困程度仍然很高。本研究调查了 1985-2019 年尼日利亚公共卫生支出对健康结果的影响。经典回归分析的实证结果表明，政府的卫生支出显着降低了 5 岁以下儿童的死亡率并提高了预期寿命。此外，发现针对麻疹的免疫接种可以降低 5 岁以下儿童的死亡率，而艾滋病毒的流行会降低预期寿命。因此，该研究建议政府在卫生方面的支出需要针对将显着改善健康结果的领域。有了充足的资金和适当的监控，像尼日利亚这样资源丰富的国家可以变得更健康。但是，如果不这样做，富人可能终究不健康。