Ischemic stroke leads to high disability and mortality. The limited delivery efficiency of most therapeutic substances is a major challenge for effective treatment of ischemic stroke. Inspired by the prominent merit of nanoscale particles in brain targeting and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, various functional nanoparticles have been designed as promising drug delivery platforms that are expected to improve the therapeutic effect of ischemic stroke. Based on the complex pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke, this review outline and summarize the rationally designed nanoparticles-mediated emerging approaches for effective treatment of ischemic stroke, including recanalization therapy, neuroprotection therapy, and combination therapy. On this bases, the potentials and challenges of nanoparticles in the treatment of ischemic stroke are revealed, and new thoughts and perspectives are proposed for the design of feasible nanoparticles for effective treatment of ischemic stroke.

缺血性中风导致高残疾和死亡率。大多数治疗物质的有限递送效率是有效治疗缺血性中风的主要挑战。受纳米粒子在脑靶向和血脑屏障 (BBB) 渗透方面的突出优点的启发，各种功能性纳米粒子已被设计为有前景的药物递送平台，有望提高缺血性中风的治疗效果。基于缺血性中风的复杂病理机制，本综述概述并总结了合理设计的纳米颗粒介导的有效治疗缺血性中风的新兴方法，包括再通疗法、神经保护疗法和联合疗法。在此基础上，揭示了纳米粒子在缺血性脑卒中治疗中的潜力和挑战，并为设计可行的纳米粒子有效治疗缺血性脑卒中提出了新的思路和观点。