Obesity is a pandemic and periodontitis is the sixth most prevalent disease in the world. These two noncommunicable diseases share several risk determinants. Epidemiologic evidence from the last 2 decades has established an increase in periodontitis prevalence in obese and overweight individuals. Biologic mechanisms potentially linking obesity and periodontal disease are adiposity-associated hyperinflammation, microbial dysbiosis, altered immune response, specific genetic polymorphisms, and increased stress. However, because of the lack of longitudinal interventional studies and randomized clinical trials, there is insufficient evidence to determine the cause-effect relationship between these two diseases. Despite this, the negative impact of obesity on oral health is well established. Several logistic and physiologic complications are associated with treating obese patients in a dental setting, and it requires an interprofessional team approach. Oral health care professionals need to be aware of the specific management considerations while rendering for this cohort, including modified practice facility and equipment, tailored supportive periodontal therapy, and heightened precaution during conscious sedation and surgical procedures.

中文翻译：

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腰围到牙龈线：肥胖与牙周病的关系——生物学和管理考虑

肥胖是一种流行病，牙周炎是世界上第六大流行病。这两种非传染性疾病共有几个风险决定因素。过去 20 年的流行病学证据表明，肥胖和超重个体的牙周炎患病率有所增加。可能将肥胖和牙周病联系起来的生物学机制是肥胖相关的过度炎症、微生物失调、免疫反应改变、特定的遗传多态性和压力增加。然而，由于缺乏纵向干预研究和随机临床试验，没有足够的证据来确定这两种疾病之间的因果关系。尽管如此，肥胖对口腔健康的负面影响是公认的。在牙科环境中治疗肥胖患者会出现一些后勤和生理并发症，这需要跨专业团队的方法。口腔保健专业人员在为该队列进行渲染时需要了解具体的管理注意事项，包括改进的实践设施和设备、量身定制的牙周支持治疗，以及在清醒镇静和外科手术过程中加强预防。