Mexico's Refugee Law of 2011 has been praised as exceptionally progressive. A core aspect of the new law is the inclusion of an expanded refugee definition derived from the Cartagena Declaration. Nonetheless, it has also been pointed out that implementation gaps persist between Mexico's laws and policy practice. In this paper, we analyse in how far Mexico has applied the Cartagena definition to allegeable asylum seekers. Based on the analysis of a representative sample of 565 Refugee Status Determination (RSD) resolutions, we identify patterns in the country's RSD procedure from 2011 to 2016. On the one hand, we find a 98 per cent recognition rate, under the Cartagena refugee definition, for Venezuelan asylum seekers; on the other hand, a lack of application of the Cartagena definition to Central Americans. We discuss how our findings relate to broader problems associated with the RSD procedure in Latin America, and provide policy recommendations.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥难民身份确定中的卡塔赫纳难民定义和基于国籍的歧视

墨西哥 2011 年的难民法被称赞为异常进步。新法律的一个核心方面是纳入了源自《卡塔赫纳宣言》的扩展难民定义。尽管如此，也有人指出，墨西哥的法律和政策实践之间仍然存在实施差距。在本文中，我们分析了墨西哥在多大程度上将卡塔赫纳定义应用于可指控的寻求庇护者。根据对 565 份难民身份确定 (RSD) 决议的代表性样本的分析，我们确定了 2011 年至 2016 年该国 RSD 程序的模式。一方面，根据卡塔赫纳难民定义，我们发现 98% 的识别率，适用于委内瑞拉寻求庇护者；另一方面，缺乏对中美洲人的卡塔赫纳定义的应用。