Oral food challenge (OFC) is a gold standard diagnostic method for food allergy (FA).¹ Positive or negative OFC results are judged by an experienced physician based on objective allergic signs without reference to accurate biomarkers. Although tingling or itching in the mouth, which commonly first appears before patients develop anaphylaxis, is included as one of the allergic symptoms elicited by an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated FA². However, subtle symptoms do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria of an OFC-positive FA. The biggest issue for OFC is that the assessment is not based on the objective biomarker and that the judgment is uneven among physicians. Moreover, various cofactors influence the outcomes of OFC (e.g., dose, infection, and psychological factors).

中文翻译：

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使用无创尿前列腺素 D2 代谢物检测口服食物挑战期间的过敏反应

口服食物激发 (OFC) 是食物过敏 (FA) 的金标准诊断方法。¹阳性或阴性 OFC 结果由经验丰富的医生根据客观过敏体征判断，无需参考准确的生物标志物。尽管口腔刺痛或瘙痒通常首先出现在患者出现过敏反应之前，但被列为由免疫球蛋白 E (IgE) 介导的 FA ²引起的过敏症状之一。然而，细微的症状不符合 OFC 阳性 FA 的诊断标准。OFC最大的问题是评估不是基于客观的生物标志物，而且医生之间的判断是不平衡的。此外，各种辅助因素会影响 OFC 的结果（例如，剂量、感染和心理因素）。