The paper aims to harness the decomposability properties of the Gini index to quantitively measure the spatiotemporality of tourism distribution. To achieve this, paper presents a methodological development termed enhanced subpopulation-source decomposition (ESSD) method, which relates the geographic variation and seasonality through Gini elasticity. These elasticities, or relative marginal effects, are additive such that the spatiotemporality of a special event held in a destination over a period of time, or the spatiotemporality of the changes in travel flows to a group of destinations, or both, can be additively and simultaneously measured. The analysis enables destinations to be classified into groups based on the space-time trade-off, revealing insights about destinations that are spatial concentrators as well as temporal ‘sinks’ or destinations that are geographic dispersers yet contributors to seasonal intensification. Although this paper focuses on the travel and tourism industry, the developed method is general and applicable to many situations.

本文旨在利用基尼指数的可分解性来定量衡量旅游分布的时空性。为实现这一目标，本文提出了一种称为增强型子种群源分解 (ESSD) 方法的方法论发展，该方法通过基尼弹性将地理变化和季节性联系起来。这些弹性或相对边际效应是可加性的，因此在一段时间内在目的地举行的特殊活动的时空性，或到一组目的地的旅行流量变化的时空性，或两者都可以加性和同时测量。该分析使目的地能够根据时空权衡进行分类，揭示关于空间集中的目的地以及时间“汇”或地理分散但对季节性集约化有贡献的目的地的见解。尽管本文主要针对旅行和旅游业，但所开发的方法是通用的，适用于许多情况。