Abstract: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been widely investigated and applied in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent superparamagnetic properties and reliable traceability. However, with the optimization of core composition, shell types and transfection agents, the cytotoxicity and metabolism of different SPIONs have great differences, and the labeled cells also show different cellular behaviors. Therefore, a holistic review of the construction and application of SPIONs is desired. This review focuses the advances of SPIONs in the field of biomedicine in recent years. After summarizing the toxicity of different SPIONs, the uptake, distribution and metabolism of SPIONs in vitro were discussed. Then, the regulation of labeled-cells behavior is outlined. Furthermore, the major challenges in the optimization process of SPIONs and insights on its future developments are proposed.

Keywords: superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, stem cells, cytotoxicity, biological behavior


中文翻译：

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超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒：生物医学应用中的细胞毒性、代谢和细胞行为

摘要：超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子（SPIONs）由于其优异的超顺磁性和可靠的可追溯性，在生物医学领域得到了广泛的研究和应用。然而，随着核心组成、壳型和转染剂的优化，不同SPIONs的细胞毒性和代谢有很大差异，标记的细胞也表现出不同的细胞行为。因此，需要对 SPION 的构建和应用进行全面审查。本综述重点介绍了近年来SPIONs在生物医学领域的进展。在总结了不同SPIONs的毒性后，讨论了SPIONs在体外的摄取、分布和代谢。然后，概述了标记细胞行为的调节。此外，

关键词：超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子，干细胞，细胞毒性，生物学行为