Background Young refugees and descendants of refugees have different preconditions for learning than their peers without refugee background. Children growing up in families where parents have suffered torture and war trauma may represent a particularly vulnerable group. This study investigates whether children of torture survivors living in Denmark achieved different test scores throughout primary and secondary school compared to children of non-traumatized parents. Methods Using data from a national school test programme, tests from Grades 2–8 were compared for children whose parents had been treated for torture and war trauma as to their peers. Referral to specialized rehabilitation clinics was used to identify the traumatized parent group. The mean score difference was estimated using multilevel linear regression, and outcomes were measured within groups of parental region of origin to allow for region-specific effects. The odds of missing a test were also estimated with multilevel logistic regression. Results The study included 854 467 children [median age (interquartile range) =12 (3.3)] of which 7809 were children of the trauma-exposed parents. The analysis revealed that children of torture survivors achieved test scores between −6% (95% CI: −0.13, 0.00) and −38% (95% CI: −0.44, −0.32) of a standard deviation compared to children of non-traumatized parents, adjusted for the main effect of region of origin. They were also more likely to miss a test [OR=4.95 (95% CI: 4.30, 5.71)]. Conclusions The findings indicate that risk factors for poorer school performance cluster in children of traumatized refugee parents, and reveal the possible adverse educational effects of trauma across generations.

中文翻译：

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父母遭受酷刑和战争的孩子在学校的表现——丹麦的一项基于登记的研究

背景 与没有难民背景的同龄人相比，年轻难民和难民后代的学习先决条件不同。在父母遭受酷刑和战争创伤的家庭中长大的孩子可能是一个特别脆弱的群体。这项研究调查了生活在丹麦的酷刑幸存者的孩子在小学和中学期间的考试成绩是否与未受过创伤的父​​母的孩子相比有所不同。方法 使用来自全国学校测试计划的数据，将 2-8 年级的测试对父母因酷刑和战争创伤接受治疗的儿童与同龄人进行比较。转诊到专门的康复诊所被用来确定受创伤的父母群体。使用多级线性回归估计平均分差，和结果是​​在父母起源地区的群体内测量的，以考虑到特定地区的影响。还使用多级逻辑回归估计了错过测试的几率。结果本研究共纳入854 467名儿童[中位年龄（四分位距）=12（3.3）]，其中7809名是受过创伤父母的子女。分析显示，与非酷刑幸存者的孩子相比，酷刑幸存者的孩子的测试成绩在标准差的 -6% (95% CI: -0.13, 0.00) 和 -38% (95% CI: -0.44, -0.32) 之间。受创伤的父母，根据原产地的主要影响进行调整。他们也更有可能错过测试 [OR=4.95 (95% CI: 4.30, 5.71)]。结论 研究结果表明，受创伤的难民父母的孩子学习成绩较差的危险因素聚集在一起，