Although various CO₂ capture and utilization (CCU) technologies are being researched and developed intensively for the purpose of lowering greenhouse gas emissions, most current technologies remain at low technology readiness levels for industrial use and are less economical compared to conventional processes. Mineral carbonation is a CO₂ utilization technology with low net CO₂ emissions and high CO₂ reduction potential, and various commercialization studies are underway around the world. This manuscript reviews the potential of mineral carbonation as a general CCU technology and the techno-economic and environmental feasibility of a representative technology, which produces sodium bicarbonate through the saline water electrolysis and carbonation steps, and examines the potential CO₂ reduction derived from the application of this technology. The future implementation of mineral carbonation technology in ocean alkalinity enhancement for sequestrating atmospheric CO₂ or the production of abandoned mine backfill materials is also discussed in order to deploy the technology at much larger scales for a meaningful contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

尽管各种CO ₂捕获和利用(CCU) 技术正在集中研究和开发以降低温室气体排放，但大多数当前技术仍处于工​​业应用的低技术准备水平并且与传统工艺相比经济性较差。矿物碳化是一种 CO _{2 的}利用技术，具有低 CO ₂净排放和高 CO ₂减少潜力，世界各地正在进行各种商业化研究。这份手稿回顾了矿物碳酸化作为通用 CCU 技术的潜力以及代表性技术的技术经济和环境可行性，该技术通过盐水电解和碳酸化步骤生产碳酸氢钠，并检查了从该应用中获得的潜在 CO ₂还原这项技术的。还讨论了矿物碳化技术在海洋碱度增强中的未来实施，以封存大气 CO ₂或生产废弃的矿山回填材料，以便在更大范围内部署该技术，为减少温室气体排放做出有意义的贡献。