Viruses are the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children. Our study aims to shed light on co-infections by comparing with the most common single agents, Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Rhinovirus (RV), in terms of epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and cost. This retrospective study included infants under the age of five, hospitalized with a diagnosis of LRTI with RSV, RV or co-infection were analyzed. The study group consisted of 199 children, RSV was detected in 116 patients (58,3%), RV in 46 (23,1%) and co-infections in 37 (18,6%). The average age of RV was higher (P = 0.006) and the lenght of hospital stay of RSV-infected patients was longer (P = 0.03) than other agents. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of oxygen need, intensive care unit admission, intubation, and development of complications. The cost was found to be significantly higher in the RSV group (P=0.02). Viral co-infections, RSV and RV constitute an important part of the etiology in patients under five years of age and co-infections do not cause more severe clinical findings compared to single viral agents. Moreover cost was found to be significantly higher in patients with RSV.

病毒是儿童下呼吸道感染 (LRTIs) 的最常见原因。我们的研究旨在通过在流行病学、临床、实验室和成本方面与最常见的单一病原体、呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 和鼻病毒 (RV) 进行比较来阐明合并感染。这项回顾性研究包括对诊断为 LRTI 并伴有 RSV、RV 或合并感染而住院的 5 岁以下婴儿进行分析。研究组由 199 名儿童组成，116 名患者 (58,3%) 检测到 RSV，46 名患者 (23,1%) 检测到 RV，37 名患者 (18,6%) 检测到合并感染。与其他药物相比，RV 的平均年龄更高（P = 0.006），RSV 感染患者的住院时间更长（P = 0.03）。两组在氧气需求、重症监护病房入院、插管、和并发症的发展。发现 RSV 组的成本显着更高（P=0.02）。病毒合并感染、RSV 和 RV 是 5 岁以下患者病因的重要组成部分，与单一病毒制剂相比，合并感染不会导致更严重的临床发现。此外，发现 RSV 患者的费用明显更高。