ABSTRACT

The solar still utilizes solar energy to produce potable water from brackish water, which may support agricultural and industrial sectors as well as the life of humans and animals. A conventional solar still normally distills an average freshwater of 2 L/m²/day which is not sufficient to meet individual daily demand. As a motivation for productivity enhancement, a new model of solar water distiller has been experimented with under Thailand climatic conditions. Its structure is not like a typical solar still, the low-temperature brackish water was supplied from the water tank to the condenser tubes for condensation rate improvement. After making a turn, the brackish water was heated up in blackened receiver tubes by absorbing solar radiation, which leads to a temperature growth of the feed water. The high temperature of outlet water in the receiver tubes plays a role as an additional heat for brackish water in the basin, which will enhance the temperature of basin water along with the evaporation rate. Various water feed rates and a variety of water depths were studied for their effect on the performance of the proposed solar still. The experimental conditions consisted of 0.5 cm, 1 cm, and 2 cm of water levels and 0.5 L/h and 1 L/h of mass flow rates. As the water level decreased from 2 cm to 0.5 cm, the daily productivity was improved by 34%. Additionally, there is a 28% growth in output as the mass flow rate of feed water declined from 1 L/h to 0.5 L/h. Further remarkably, in comparison with a conventional solar still under the same level of water depth, the daily distillate yield of the proposed model improved double and 58.5% at a water depth of 0.5 cm and 1 cm, respectively.

摘要

太阳能仍然利用太阳能从微咸水中生产饮用水，这可以支持农业和工业部门以及人类和动物的生活。传统的太阳能蒸馏器通常平均蒸馏出 2 L/m ^{2 的}淡水/day 不足以满足个人日常需求。作为提高生产力的动力，在泰国气候条件下试验了一种新型太阳能水蒸馏器。它的结构不像典型的太阳能蒸馏器，低温微咸水从水箱供应到冷凝器管以提高冷凝率。转弯后，微咸水在变黑的接收管中通过吸收太阳辐射加热，这导致给水温度升高。接收管中出水的高温对盆中的微咸水起到了附加热量的作用，这将随着蒸发速度提高盆水的温度。研究了各种给水速率和各种水深对所提议的太阳能蒸馏器性能的影响。实验条件包括 0.5 cm、1 cm 和 2 cm 的水位以及 0.5 L/h 和 1 L/h 的质量流量。随着水位从 2 cm 下降到 0.5 cm，日生产力提高了 34%。此外，当给水的质量流量从 1 L/h 下降到 0.5 L/h 时，产量增长了 28%。更值得注意的是，与相同水深水平下的传统太阳能蒸馏器相比，所提出模型的每日馏出物产量在 0.5 cm 和 1 cm 水深下分别提高了两倍和 58.5%。随着水位从 2 cm 下降到 0.5 cm，日生产力提高了 34%。此外，当给水的质量流量从 1 L/h 下降到 0.5 L/h 时，产量增长了 28%。更值得注意的是，与相同水深水平下的传统太阳能蒸馏器相比，所提出模型的每日馏出物产量在 0.5 cm 和 1 cm 水深下分别提高了两倍和 58.5%。随着水位从 2 cm 下降到 0.5 cm，日生产力提高了 34%。此外，当给水的质量流量从 1 L/h 下降到 0.5 L/h 时，产量增长了 28%。更值得注意的是，与相同水深水平下的传统太阳能蒸馏器相比，所提出模型的每日馏出物产量在 0.5 cm 和 1 cm 水深下分别提高了两倍和 58.5%。