ABSTRACT

Background and objectives

Key health behaviors including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption, and physical activity have been associated with sleep-related problems. This cross-sectional study describes sleep quality and duration by gender in a large adult population and examines whether health behavioral factors are associated with short/long sleep duration and sleep problems (difficulty initiating/maintaining sleep [DIMS], daytime sleepiness, and finding sleep refreshing).

Methods

Using Canadian Community Health Survey data from cycles 2015, 2016, and 2017, binary and multinomial logistic regression models were computed.

Results

Of the 44,911 respondents included, only half of respondents met the recommended sleep duration. Fifty-five percent of females and forty-one percent of males reported DIMS. Binge drinking was associated with increased DIMS, with the strongest relationship being among females reporting weekly binge drinking (odds ratio (OR) 2.03 [1.59,2.60]). Binge drinking was also associated with decreased odds of finding sleep refreshing among females only (OR 0.73 [0.56,0.96] in weekly binge drinkers). Compared to respondents who had never smoked, daily smokers had higher odds of short sleep (OR 1.50 [1.30,1.74] and OR 1.39 [1.21,1.60]; females and males, respectively). Similarly, former smokers had higher odds of DIMS (OR 1.18 [1.06,1.31]) and not finding sleep refreshing (OR 0.85 [0.77,0.95]), among females; similar OR among males. Increased FV consumption was associated with increased odds of finding sleep refreshing (OR 1.05 [1.03,1.07] and OR 1.06 [1.04,1.08] in females and males, respectively).

Conclusion

There is a high prevalence of sleep problems among Canadians. Potential gender differences in the relationships between health behaviors and sleep problems warrant further research.

中文翻译：

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主要健康行为与睡眠问题之间的关联：2015、2016、2017 年加拿大社区健康调查的结果

摘要

背景和目标

包括吸烟、饮酒、食用水果和蔬菜 (FV) 以及身体活动在内的关键健康行为与睡眠相关问题有关。这项横断面研究描述了大型成年人群中按性别划分的睡眠质量和持续时间，并检查了健康行为因素是否与短/长睡眠持续时间和睡眠问题（难以开始/维持睡眠 [DIMS]、白天嗜睡和寻找睡眠有关）清爽）。

方法

使用来自 2015 年、2016 年和 2017 年周期的加拿大社区健康调查数据，计算了二元和多项逻辑回归模型。

结果

在包括的 44,911 名受访者中，只有一半的受访者达到了建议的睡眠时间。55% 的女性和 41% 的男性报告了 DIMS。暴饮暴食与 DIMS 增加有关，其中最强的关系是报告每周暴饮暴食的女性（优势比 (OR) 2.03 [1.59,2.60]）。酗酒还与仅在女性中发现睡眠清爽的几率降低有关（或每周狂饮者为 0.73 [0.56,0.96]）。与从未吸烟的受访者相比，每天吸烟的人睡眠时间短的几率更高（OR 1.50 [1.30,1.74] 和 OR 1.39 [1.21,1.60]；分别为女性和男性）。同样，在女性中，前吸烟者患 DIMS 的几率更高（OR 1.18 [1.06,1.31]）和睡眠不爽（OR 0.85 [0.77,0.95]）；男性之间的 OR 相似。

结论

加拿大人的睡眠问题普遍存在。健康行为与睡眠问题之间关系的潜在性别差异值得进一步研究。