Negative self and negative other schema have been implicated in the development of paranoia. The current study provides a meta-analysis, narrative review and quality appraisal of quantitative studies investigating the relationship between negative self and negative other schema and paranoia across the paranoia continuum. A systematic search identified 43 eligible studies; 25 were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analytic findings demonstrated a medium to large relationship between paranoia and negative self-schema (r = 0.46, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.53) and negative other schema (r = 0.48, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.56). The magnitude of associations was similar across people with and without psychosis. Findings demonstrated that associations between negative self-schema and paranoia were not always statistically significant when controlling for confounding variables, particularly depression. The association between negative other schema and paranoia tended to remain significant when controlling for confounding variables. Findings also demonstrated that negative schema may mediate relationships between adverse experiences in childhood and paranoia. Overall, findings support theoretical proposals that both negative self and negative other schema are associated with paranoia. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm the direction of effects. Findings provide support for incorporating and targeting negative self and negative other schema in psychological formulations and therapeutic work.

消极的自我和消极的其他图式与偏执的发展有关。目前的研究提供了一项荟萃分析、叙述性审查和定量研究的质量评估，这些研究调查了偏执连续体中消极自我与消极他人图式和偏执之间的关系。系统搜索确定了 43 项符合条件的研究；25 人被纳入荟萃分析。荟萃分析结果表明，偏执狂与负面自我图式 ( r  = 0.46, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.53) 和负面其他图式 ( r = 0.48，95% CI 0.38 至 0.56）。精神病患者和非精神病患者的关联程度相似。研究结果表明，在控制混杂变量（尤其是抑郁症）时，负面自我图式和偏执狂之间的关联并不总是具有统计学意义。在控制混杂变量时，负面其他图式和偏执狂之间的关联往往仍然显着。研究结果还表明，消极图式可能会调解童年时期的不良经历与偏执狂之间的关系。总体而言，研究结果支持消极自我和消极他人图式都与偏执狂相关的理论建议。需要纵向研究来确认影响的方向。