ABSTRACT

Despite the high prevalence of incest, survivors are reluctant to disclose its existence for reasons such as shame, guilt and the presence of an accusatory and stigmatizing social discourse. The current mixed methods study examined the internal discourses of 13 incest survivors in Israel, reflected in self-reported internal dialogs which emerged during interviews. The qualitative analysis revealed a dialectical tension between two themes – one reflecting an internalization of the social discourse (manifested as quotes taken from social discourse and uttered by the survivors) and the other an agentic discourse (manifested in utterances either resisting the social discourse or showing an empowering advertence to one’s own fulcrum). The quantitative analysis showed that for seven participants the internalized social discourse expressions were most frequent, for five the agentic expressions were most frequent, and that for one the discourses were at equilibrium. The ubiquitous sub-themes manifested in the internalized social discourse were: victimhood (feelings of vulnerability and helplessness), survivorship (meaningless existence, despair and hopelessness), negative self-esteem and self-pathology (perception of the self as having pathological psychological problems), and denial/repression of the abuse. The ubiquitous sub-themes manifested in the agentic discourse were: positive self-image and sense of potency, hope, optimism and positive perception of life, and uprising against the parents and institutions that did not give support. The discussion is based on Butler’s concept of vulnerability, which suggests how to address the harms inflicted by incest without erasing aspects of the survivors’ agency and growth.

摘要

尽管乱伦的流行率很高，但由于羞耻、内疚以及存在指责和污名化的社会话语等原因，幸存者不愿透露其存在。当前的混合方法研究检查了以色列 13 名乱伦幸存者的内部话语，反映在访谈期间出现的自我报告的内部对话中。定性分析揭示了两个主题之间的辩证张力 - 一个反映了社会话语的内化（表现为从社会话语中提取并由幸存者说出的引语），另一个是代理性话语（表现为抵制社会话语或表现出的话语）对自己的支点的授权注意）。定量分析表明，7 名参与者的内化社会话语表达最频繁，5 名参与者的代理表达最频繁，1 名参与者的话语处于平衡状态。内化社会话语中普遍存在的副主题是：受害者（脆弱和无助的感觉）、幸存（毫无意义的存在、绝望和无望）、消极自尊和自我病理（认为自己有病理性心理问题） )，并否认/压制虐待行为。代理话语中体现的无处不在的子主题是：积极的自我形象和力量感、希望、乐观和积极的生活观，以及对不给予支持的父母和机构的反抗。脆弱性，这表明如何在不消除幸存者能动性和成长的各个方面的情况下解决乱伦造成的伤害。