Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure, often guided by ultrasound (US) imaging, for treating venous insufficiencies. US imaging limitations in accurately visualizing the catheter and the lack of a temperature monitoring system can lead to sub-optimal outcomes. An integrated photoacoustic (PA)-guided EVLA system has been previously developed and reported to overcome the shortcomings of US-guided procedure. In this study, we further characterized the system and tested the utility. In addition, PA thermometry was further explored by compensating the variation of PA signal with temperature with respect to the temperature-dependent absorption of blood and water. imaging results indicated that the PA-guided EVLA system can provide high contrast and accurate images of the ablation catheter tip overlaid on US images of the background tissue. Additionally, absorption-compensated PA signal amplitudes over a relevant range of temperature were measured and demonstrated.

中文翻译：

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光声引导静脉内激光消融：表征和犬体内研究

静脉内激光消融 (EVLA) 是一种微创外科手术，通常由超声 (US) 成像引导，用于治疗静脉功能不全。美国成像在准确可视化导管方面的局限性以及缺乏温度监测系统可能会导致次优结果。先前已开发并报告了一种集成光声（PA）引导的 EVLA 系统，以克服超声引导程序的缺点。在本研究中，我们进一步表征了该系统并测试了实用性。此外，针对血液和水的温度依赖性吸收，通过补偿 PA 信号随温度的变化，进一步探索了 PA 测温。成像结果表明，PA 引导的 EVLA 系统可以提供覆盖在背景组织 US 图像上的消融导管尖端的高对比度和准确图像。此外，还测量并演示了相关温度范围内的吸收补偿 PA 信号幅度。