Abstract: Two-dimensional nanomaterials are emerging as promising candidates for a wide range of biomedical applications including tissue engineering, biosensing, pathogen incapacitation, wound healing, and gene and drug delivery. Graphene, due to its high surface area, photothermal property, high loading capacity, and efficient cellular uptake, is at the forefront of these materials and plays a key role in this multidisciplinary research field. Poor water dispersibility and low functionality of graphene, however, hamper its hybridization into new nanostructures for future nanomedicine. Functionalization of graphene, either by covalent or non-covalent methods, is the most useful strategy to improve its dispersion in water and functionality as well as processability into new materials and devices. In this review, recent advances in functionalization of graphene derivatives by different (macro)molecules for future biomedical applications are reported and explained. In particular, hydrophilic functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) to improve their water dispersibility and physicochemical properties is discussed. We have focused on the anticancer drug delivery of polyfunctional graphene sheets.

Keywords: two-dimensional nanomaterials, graphene, functionalization, anticancer drug delivery, photothermal therapy


中文翻译：

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用于抗癌药物输送的功能化石墨烯平台

摘要：二维纳米材料正在成为广泛生物医学应用的有前景的候选材料，包括组织工程、生物传感、病原体失能、伤口愈合以及基因和药物递送。石墨烯由于其高表面积、光热性能、高负载能力和高效的细胞摄取，处于这些材料的最前沿，并在这个多学科研究领域发挥着关键作用。然而，石墨烯的水分散性差和功能性低，阻碍了其杂化为未来纳米医学的新纳米结构。通过共价或非共价方法对石墨烯进行功能化，是改善其在水中的分散性、功能以及新材料和器件的可加工性的最有用策略。在这篇综述中，报告并解释了通过不同（大）分子对石墨烯衍生物进行功能化以用于未来生物医学应用的最新进展。特别是，讨论了石墨烯和氧化石墨烯（GO）的亲水功能化，以提高其水分散性和物理化学性质。我们专注于多功能石墨烯片的抗癌药物输送。

关键词:二维纳米材料, 石墨烯, 功能化, 抗癌药物递送, 光热疗法