Shape memory alloy (SMA) springs have been widely applied in engineering. However, there are few studies on the driving characteristics of the reverse deformation SMA springs which stretch during heating and contract during cooling. It is necessary to develop a specialized experimental setup that can measure the driving characteristics of these special SMA springs, including temperature, deformation, and restoring force in a reciprocating continuous way. In this paper, an experimental setup with a water bath has been developed. Based on the setup, the comprehensive relationship between temperature, deformation, and restoring force of the reverse deformation SMA spring can be obtained by only one thermal cycle. The experiment results show that the maximum deformation decreases linearly with the increase of restoring force, and the deformation is negatively correlated with the maximum restoring force. Moreover, the martensite reverse transformation leads to an increase of the spring coefficient. The shear modulus increases with the increase of temperature. It is also concluded that the size of the spring affects the restoring force and deformation. Finally, the driving characteristics are modeled and analyzed theoretically, and the simulation results are consistent with the experimental results. The experimental setup and methods can be useful for designing temperature control valves and switches, without an additional heat source.

形状记忆合金（SMA）弹簧在工程中得到了广泛的应用。然而，关于加热时拉伸、冷却时收缩的逆变形SMA弹簧的驱动特性的研究很少。有必要开发一种专门的实验装置，可以以往复连续的方式测量这些特殊 SMA 弹簧的驱动特性，包括温度、变形和恢复力。在本文中，开发了一种带水浴的实验装置。基于该设置，仅通过一次热循环就可以得到逆变形SMA弹簧的温度、变形和恢复力之间的综合关系。实验结果表明，最大变形量随着恢复力的增加而线性减小，变形量与最大恢复力呈负相关。此外，马氏体逆相变导致弹簧系数增加。剪切模量随着温度的升高而增加。还得出结论，弹簧的尺寸影响恢复力和变形。最后对驱动特性进行了理论建模和分析，仿真结果与实验结果一致。实验装置和方法可用于设计温度控制阀和开关，无需额外的热源。还得出结论，弹簧的尺寸影响恢复力和变形。最后对驱动特性进行了理论建模和分析，仿真结果与实验结果一致。实验装置和方法可用于设计温度控制阀和开关，无需额外的热源。还得出结论，弹簧的尺寸影响恢复力和变形。最后对驱动特性进行了理论建模和分析，仿真结果与实验结果一致。实验装置和方法可用于设计温度控制阀和开关，无需额外的热源。