Selective production of value-added chemicals using biomass-derived platform chemicals is a sustainable and effective way to fulfil the demands for chemicals around the globe. Photocatalytic biomass conversion is an economical, green, and sustainable process to address the environmental problems caused by the consumption of fossil fuel-derived chemicals and energy sources. In this research work, three Bi-based oxides, Bi₂WO₆, BiVO₄, and Bi₂MoO₆, are employed as photocatalysts, and their activities are compared in selective oxidation of two important lignocellulose-derived chemicals, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and vanillyl alcohol (VOL). Among these oxides, the rose-like Bi₂WO₆ nanostructured photocatalyst exhibits the highest catalytic activity and selectively produces 2,5-diformylfuran and vanillin from HMF and VOL. These materials are thoroughly characterized by several techniques (powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy) to understand the cause of their different physicochemical properties and photocatalytic activities. N₂-sorption measurement, DR-UV–visible analysis, pyridine Fourier transform infrared, and photoelectrochemical measurements indicate a large surface area, an appropriate band gap, high surface acidity, and better migration and separation of the photogenerated charge carriers in Bi₂WO₆ than in BiVO₄ and Bi₂MoO₆, resulting in higher photocatalytic activity over Bi₂WO₆. The Bi₂WO₆ catalyst exhibits excellent activity under an artificial light source (λ > 420) and very good activity under the sunlight. The structure-activity relationship is established using catalytic activity data, physicochemical characterization, and scavenging studies. The scavenging studies suggest that the photogenerated holes (h⁺), electrons (e^–), and superoxide radicals (O₂^•–) play key roles in achieving high photocatalytic activity. The synthesized photocatalyst exhibits remarkable photostability and recyclability. This research work will motivate researchers and scientists to develop sustainable, cost-effective, and environmentally benign catalytic processes for efficient utilization of sunlight and lignocellulose biomass conversion into energy and value-added chemicals.

中文翻译：

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用于木质纤维素衍生的 5-羟甲基糠醛和香草醇的可见光辅助氧化的玫瑰状 Bi2WO6 纳米结构

使用生物质衍生平台化学品选择性生产增值化学品是满足全球化学品需求的可持续且有效的方式。光催化生物质转化是一种经济、绿色和可持续的过程，可以解决因消耗化石燃料衍生的化学品和能源而引起的环境问题。在这项研究工作中，三种 Bi 基氧化物 Bi ₂ WO ₆、BiVO ₄和 Bi ₂ MoO ₆被用作光催化剂，并比较了它们在两种重要的木质纤维素衍生化学品 5-羟甲基糠醛的选择性氧化中的活性。 HMF) 和香草醇 (VOL)。在这些氧化物中，玫瑰色的 Bi ₂ WO₆纳米结构光催化剂表现出最高的催化活性，并从 HMF 和 VOL 选择性地产生 2,5-二甲酰基呋喃和香草醛。这些材料通过多种技术（粉末 X 射线衍射、X 射线光电子能谱和扫描电子显微镜）进行彻底表征，以了解其不同物理化学性质和光催化活性的原因。N ₂吸附测量、DR-UV-可见光分析、吡啶傅里叶变换红外光谱和光电化学测量表明Bi ₂ WO 中光生载流子的大表面积、合适的带隙、高表面酸性以及更好的迁移和分离₆比 BiVO ₄和 Bi ₂MoO ₆，导致比Bi ₂ WO ₆更高的光催化活性。Bi ₂ WO ₆催化剂在人造光源下（λ > 420）表现出优异的活性，在阳光下表现出非常好的活性。使用催化活性数据、物理化学表征和清除研究建立结构-活性关系。清除研究表明，光生空穴 (h ⁺ )、电子 (e ^– ) 和超氧自由基 (O ₂ ^•–) 在实现高光催化活性方面发挥关键作用。合成的光催化剂表现出显着的光稳定性和可回收性。这项研究工作将激励研究人员和科学家开发可持续、具有成本效益和环境友好的催化工艺，以有效利用阳光和木质纤维素生物质转化为能源和增值化学品。