While cannabis has been used for centuries for its stress-alleviating properties, the effects of acute and chronic cannabinoid exposure on responses to stress remain poorly understood. This review provides an overview of studies that measured stress-related endpoints following acute or chronic cannabinoid exposure in humans and animals. Acute cannabinoid exposure increases basal concentrations of stress hormones in rodents and humans and has dose-dependent effects on stress reactivity in humans and anxiety-like behavior in rodents. Chronic cannabis exposure is associated with dampened stress reactivity, a blunted cortisol awakening response (CAR), and flattened diurnal cortisol slope in humans. Sex differences in these effects remain underexamined, with limited evidence for sex differences in effects of cannabinoids on stress reactivity in rodents. Future research is needed to better understand sex differences in the effects of cannabis on the stress response, as well as downstream impacts on mental health and stress-related disorders.

虽然大麻因其缓解压力的特性而被使用了几个世纪，但人们对急性和慢性大麻素暴露对压力反应的影响仍然知之甚少。本综述概述了测量人类和动物急性或慢性大麻素暴露后压力相关终点的研究。急性大麻素暴露会增加啮齿动物和人类应激激素的基础浓度，并对人类的应激反应和啮齿动物的焦虑样行为产生剂量依赖性影响。慢性大麻暴露与人类的压力反应减弱、皮质醇觉醒反应 (CAR) 减弱和昼夜皮质醇斜率变平有关。这些影响的性别差异仍未得到充分研究，大麻素对啮齿动物应激反应的影响存在性别差异的证据有限。