Wound infections are still problematic in many cases and demand new alternatives for current treatment strategies. In recent years, biomaterials-based wound dressings have received much attention due to their potentials and many studies have been performed based on them. Accordingly, in this study, we fabricated and optimized an antibacterial chitosan/silk fibroin (CS/SF) electrospun nanofiber bilayer containing different concentrations of a cationic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) for wound dressing applications. The fabricated CS/SF nanofiber was fully characterized and compared to the electrospun silk fibroin and electrospun chitosan alone in vitro. Then, the release rate of different concentrations of peptide (16, 32, and 64 µg/ml) from peptide-loaded CS/SF nanofiber was investigated. Finally, based on cytotoxic activity, the antibacterial activity of scaffolds containing 16 and 32 µg/ml of the peptide was evaluated against standard and multi-drug resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients. The peptide-loaded CS/SF nanofiber displayed appropriate mechanical properties, high water uptake, suitable biodegradation rate, a controlled release without cytotoxicity on Hu02 human foreskin fibroblast cells at the 16 and 32 µg/ml concentrations of peptide. The optimized CS/SF containing 32 μg/ml peptide showed strong antibacterial activity against all experimental strains from standard to resistance. The results showed that the fabricated antimicrobial nanofiber has the potential to be applied as a wound dressing for infected wound healing, although further studies are needed in vivo.

在许多情况下，伤口感染仍然是个问题，需要新的替代方案来替代当前的治疗策略。近年来，基于生物材料的伤口敷料因其潜力而受到广泛关注，并基于其进行了许多研究。因此，在这项研究中，我们制造并优化了抗菌壳聚糖/丝素蛋白（CS/SF）电纺纳米纤维双层，其中含有不同浓度的阳离子抗菌肽（AMP），用于伤口敷料应用。所制造的 CS/SF 纳米纤维得到了充分的表征，并在体外与单独的电纺丝素蛋白和电纺壳聚糖进行了比较。然后，研究了不同浓度的肽（16、32 和 64 µg/ml）从负载肽的 CS/SF 纳米纤维中的释放速率。最后，根据细胞毒活性，评估了含有 16 和 32 µg/ml 肽的支架针对从烧伤患者中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌的标准菌株和多重耐药菌株的抗菌活性。负载肽的CS/SF纳米纤维在肽浓度为16和32μg/ml时表现出适当的机械性能、高吸水性、适当的生物降解速率、对Hu02人包皮成纤维细胞无细胞毒性的受控释放。优化后的含有 32 μg/ml 肽的 CS/SF 对从标准菌株到耐药菌株的所有实验菌株均表现出很强的抗菌活性。结果表明，所制造的抗菌纳米纤维有潜力用作感染伤口愈合的伤口敷料，尽管还需要进一步的体内研究。