In this study, we developed an electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of 4-NP in solution by using polyol-assisted co-precipitation process prepared copper doped cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂:Cu NPs). Phase purity, crystal structure, and morphology of the as-prepared nanoproduct were examined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy images. Chemical composition was determined by energy dispersive x-ray analysis(EDX). UV/Visible spectrum was measured to determine the optical absorption properties and bandgap energies of the material. The prepared CeO₂:Cu NPs were pasted on a glassy carbon electrode(GCE) to measure the electro-catalytic performance and further examining their sensing application through determining the 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) concentrations. The performance of the constructed electrode was assessed by cyclic voltammetry(CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic(EIS) methods. The Cu doped CeO₂ NPs exhibited demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance in the presence of 4-NPs in a 10 pH phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The voltammetry-acquired kinetic evidence shows that 4NP electro-oxidation is a strictly diffusion-controlled process and that four electrons are involved in the reaction mechanism. The constructed CeO₂:Cu/GCE illustrated a high linearity range from 7.18-5000µL, a good detection limit (7.18 µL), with high sensitivity 1.4 μA mmol⁻¹ L. The reproducibility of the fabricated electrode was also monitored through nine consecutive CV cycles to measure their stability.

在这项研究中，我们开发了一种电化学传感器，通过使用多元醇辅助共沉淀工艺制备的铜掺杂氧化铈纳米粒子 (CeO ₂ :Cu NPs)来灵敏检测溶液中的 4-NP 。通过 X 射线衍射和透射电子显微镜图像检查制备的纳米产品的相纯度、晶体结构和形态。通过能量色散X射线分析(EDX)确定化学成分。测量紫外/可见光谱以确定材料的光吸收特性和带隙能量。制备的CeO ₂:Cu NPs 粘贴在玻璃碳电极 (GCE) 上以测量电催化性能并通过确定 4-硝基苯酚 (4-NP) 浓度进一步检查其传感应用。通过循环伏安法（CV）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）方法对构建的电极的性能进行评估。Cu掺杂的CeO ₂ NPs在4-NPs存在于10 pH磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)中时表现出优异的电化学性能。伏安法获得的动力学证据表明，4NP 电氧化是一个严格的扩散控制过程，反应机理涉及四个电子。构建的 CeO ₂:Cu/GCE 显示了 7.18-5000µL 的高线性范围，良好的检测限 (7.18 µL)，具有 1.4 µA mmol ^-1  L 的高灵敏度。还通过九个连续 CV 循环监测制造的电极的再现性以测量它们稳定。