Short and long-term effects of single and multiple sessions of electroconvulsive therapy on brain gray matter volumes,Brain Stimulation

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Short and long-term effects of single and multiple sessions of electroconvulsive therapy on brain gray matter volumes
Brain Stimulation ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.08.018
Giulio Emilio Brancati ₁ , Njål Brekke ₂ , Hauke Bartsch ₂ , Ole Johan Evjenth Sørhaug ₃ , Olga Therese Ousdal ₄ , Åsa Hammar ₅ , Peter Moritz Schuster ₆ , Ketil Joachim Oedegaard ₇ , Ute Kessler ₇ , Leif Oltedal ₈

Affiliation

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Crisis Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
NORMENT, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway.
Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Background

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been shown to induce broadly distributed cortical and subcortical volume increases, more prominently in the amygdala and the hippocampus. Structural changes after one ECT session and in the long-term have been understudied.

Objective

The aim of this study was to describe short-term and long-term volume changes induced in cortical and subcortical regions by ECT.

Methods

Structural brain data were acquired from depressed patients before and 2 h after their first ECT session, 7–14 days after the end of the ECT series and at 6 months follow up (N = 34). Healthy, age and gender matched volunteers were scanned according to the same schedule (N = 18) and patients affected by atrial fibrillation were scanned 1–2 h before and after undergoing electrical cardioversion (N = 16). Images were parcelled using FreeSurfer and estimates of cortical gray matter volume and subcortical volume changes were obtained using Quarc.

Results

Volume increase was observable in most of gray matter regions after 2 h from the first ECT session, with significant results in brain stem, bilateral hippocampi, right putamen and left thalamus, temporal and occipital regions in the right hemisphere. At the end of treatment series, widespread significant volume changes were observed. After six months, the right amygdala volume was still significantly increased. No significant changes were observed in the comparison groups.

Conclusions

Volume increases in gray matter areas can be detected 2 h after a single ECT session. Further studies are warranted to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.

中文翻译：

单次和多次电休克疗法对脑灰质体积的短期和长期影响

背景

电痉挛疗法 (ECT) 已被证明可引起广泛分布的皮质和皮质下体积增加，尤其是在杏仁核和海马中。一次 ECT 会议后和长期的结构变化尚未得到充分研究。

客观的

本研究的目的是描述 ECT 在皮质和皮质下区域引起的短期和长期体积变化。

方法

在第一次 ECT 治疗前后 2 小时、ECT 系列结束后 7-14 天以及随访 6 个月时（N = 34）从抑郁患者中获取结构性脑数据。根据相同的时间表（N = 18）对健康、年龄和性别匹配的志愿者进行扫描，并在接受电复律前后 1-2 小时对受心房颤动影响的患者进行扫描（N = 16）。使用 FreeSurfer 对图像进行分割，并使用 Quarc 获得对皮质灰质体积和皮质下体积变化的估计。