Coastal regions are subjected to degradation due to anthropogenic pollution. Effluents loaded with variable concentrations of heavy metal, persistent organic pollutant, as well as nutrients are discharged in coastal areas leading to environmental degradation. In the past years, many scientists have studied, not only the effect of different contaminants on coastal ecosystems but also, they have searched for organisms tolerant to pollutants that can be used as bioindicators or for biomonitoring purposes. Furthermore, many researchers have demonstrated the capacity of different marine organisms to remove heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants, as well as to reduce nutrient concentration, which may lead to eutrophication. In this sense, Ulva lactuca, a green macroalgae commonly found in coastal areas, has been extensively studied for its capacity to accumulate pollutants; as a bioindicator; as well as for its remediation capacity. This paper aims to review the information published regarding the use of Ulva lactuca in environmental applications. The review was focused on those studies that analyse the role of this macroalga as a biomonitor or in bioremediation experiments.

沿海地区因人为污染而退化。含有不同浓度的重金属、持久性有机污染物和营养物质的污水被排放到沿海地区，导致环境退化。在过去的几年中，许多科学家不仅研究了不同污染物对沿海生态系统的影响，而且还寻找对污染物具有耐受性的生物，这些生物可用作生物指示剂或用于生物监测目的。此外，许多研究人员已经证明了不同海洋生物去除重金属和持久性有机污染物以及降低可能导致富营养化的养分浓度的能力。从这个意义上说，石莼，一种常见于沿海地区的绿色大型藻类，因其积累污染物的能力而被广泛研究；作为生物指标；以及它的修复能力。本文旨在回顾已发表的有关在环境应用中使用石莼的信息。该评论的重点是那些分析这种大型藻类作为生物监测器或生物修复实验的作用的研究。