A block color image encryption algorithm based on chaotic system, elementary cellular automata (ECA), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence operations is proposed. The architecture is comprised of forward-diffusion, permutation, and backward-diffusion. First, the red, green, and blue components of a color image are converted into three DNA matrices by DNA encoding rule. Exclusive OR (XOR) operation is applied between the DNA coding chaotic sequence generated by the improved Henon map and three DNA matrices. Second, the large DNA matrix, composed of three DNA matrices, is divided into several small blocks with unequal sizes. ECA is employed to scramble the positions of these blocks. Finally, DNA computations are introduced to diffuse three permutated DNA matrices. In addition, initial values and system parameters of the chaotic system are calculated from the secure hash algorithm (SHA-256) hash value of the plain image and the given parameters. Both DNA encoding and ECA order rules rely on plaintext information. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is highly sensitive to plain image. Simulation results and security analyses demonstrate that our algorithm achieves excellent security performance and acceptable running time.

中文翻译：

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基于基本元胞自动机和DNA序列操作的块彩色图像加密算法

提出了一种基于混沌系统、基本元胞自动机(ECA)和脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)序列运算的块彩色图像加密算法。该架构由前向扩散、置换和后向扩散组成。首先，通过DNA编码规则将彩色图像的红、绿、蓝分量转换为三个DNA矩阵。将改进后的 Henon 图生成的 DNA 编码混沌序列与三个 DNA 矩阵进行异或 (XOR) 运算。其次，由三个 DNA 矩阵组成的大 DNA 矩阵被分成几个大小不等的小块。ECA 用于打乱这些块的位置。最后，引入 DNA 计算来扩散三个排列的 DNA 矩阵。此外，混沌系统的初始值和系统参数是根据纯图像的安全哈希算法（SHA-256）哈希值和给定参数计算得出的。DNA 编码和 ECA 顺序规则都依赖于明文信息。因此，所提出的算法对普通图像高度敏感。仿真结果和安全分析表明，我们的算法实现了优异的安全性能和可接受的运行时间。