The Charpy impact test is often used to qualify the structural materials used for the fabrication of industrial components, in particular steel-based components. This relatively simple test used for more than a century was originally designed to contribute to ensure steel quality. Later, it was used to determine the so-called ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) to characterize the fracture resistance of body-centered cubic (bcc) structural materials. In the nuclear field, it was also used in surveillance programs monitoring the property degradation of the reactor pressure vessels avoiding prohibitive fracture toughness tests that would require large specimens. With the advances in fracture mechanics achieved over the last decades, it is possible nowadays to reliably measure fracture toughness from significantly smaller specimens. In particular, the master curve offers a simple method to derive the fracture toughness – temperature dependence curve that can be further used for integrity assessment. A number of empirical correlations were established by relating the DBTT measured with Charpy impact tests to the master curve reference temperature, T₀. However, all those correlations are essentially empirical and rely heavily on experimental databases on which they were derived.

The main objective of this work is a more direct derivation of quasi-static fracture toughness from the Charpy impact test that can be directly compared to measured quasi-static fracture toughness data. This way, the consistency between the multiple properties delivered by the various tests guarantees the overall quality of the experimental data used to characterize the mechanical properties of structural materials. The proposed procedure relies on the J-integral derived from the instrumented Charpy impact test and on the normalization of the crack resistance curve by accounting for dynamic effects, notch/crack configuration effects, loading rate effects, side grooving effects and eventually specimen size effects. The results obtained on several materials in the unirradiated and irradiated conditions are very promising and provide an interesting property-to-property correlation tool, not only as a quality control but they also offer a cheap and fast estimate of fracture toughness for material design purposes.

夏比冲击试验通常用于鉴定用于制造工业部件，特别是钢基部件的结构材料。这种相对简单的测试使用了一个多世纪，最初旨在确保钢材质量。后来，它被用来确定所谓的韧脆转变温度 (DBTT)，以表征体心立方 (bcc) 结构材料的抗断裂性。在核领域，它还被用于监测反应堆压力容器性能退化的监视程序，以避免需要大样本的禁止性断裂韧性测试。随着过去几十年断裂力学的进步，现在可以可靠地测量小得多的试样的断裂韧性。特别是，主曲线提供了一种简单的方法来推导断裂韧性 - 温度依赖性曲线，可进一步用于完整性评估。通过将用夏比冲击试验测量的 DBTT 与主曲线参考温度 T 相关联，建立了许多经验相关性₀ . 然而，所有这些相关性本质上都是经验性的，并且在很大程度上依赖于得出它们的实验数据库。

这项工作的主要目标是从夏比冲击试验中更直接地推导出准静态断裂韧性，可以直接与测量的准静态断裂韧性数据进行比较。这样，各种测试提供的多种性能之间的一致性保证了用于表征结构材料力学性能的实验数据的整体质量。所提出的程序依赖于从仪器化夏比冲击试验中得出的 J 积分，以及通过考虑动态效应、缺口/裂纹配置效应、加载速率效应、侧面开槽效应和最终试样尺寸效应对抗裂性曲线的归一化。