Tissue regeneration and neovascularisation in cases of major bone loss is a challenge in maxillofacial surgery. The hypothesis of the present study is that the addition of resorbable bioactive ceramic Silica Calcium Phosphate Cement (SCPC) to Declluraized Muscle Scaffold (DSM) can expedite bone formation and maturation. Two surgical defect models were created in 18 nude transgenic mice. Group 1(n = 6), with a 2-mm decortication calvarial defect, was treated with a DSM/SCPC sheet over the corticated bone as an onlay then seeded with human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells hMSC in situ. In Group 2 (n = 6), a critical size (4 mm) calvarial defect was made and grafted with DSM/SCPC/in situ human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs). The control groups included Group 3 (n = 3) animals, with a 2-mm decortication defect treated with an onlay DSM sheet, and Group 4 (n = 3) animals, treated with critical size defect grafted with plain DSM. After 8 weeks, bone regeneration in various groups was evaluated using histology, immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry. New bone formation and maturation was superior in groups treated with DSM/SCPC/hMSC. The DMS/SCPC scaffold has the ability to augment and induce bone regeneration and neovascularisation in cases of major bone resorption and critical size defects.

在严重骨丢失的情况下组织再生和新血管形成是颌面外科的一个挑战。本研究的假设是，在脱纤维肌肉支架 (DSM) 中添加可吸收的生物活性陶瓷磷酸钙硅钙水泥 (SCPC) 可以加速骨形成和成熟。在 18 只裸转基因小鼠中建立了两个手术缺陷模型。第 1 组 ( n  = 6)，具有 2 毫米剥脱颅骨缺损，在皮质骨上用 DSM/SCPC 片材作为覆盖物处理，然后原位接种人间充质基质细胞 hMSC。在第 2 组 ( n  = 6) 中，制造了一个临界大小 (4 mm) 的颅骨缺损，并用 DSM/SCPC/原位人骨髓基质细胞 (hMSC) 移植。对照组包括第 3 组（n = 3) 动物，有 2 毫米的脱皮缺损，用 DSM 嵌片处理，第 4 组 ( n  = 3) 动物，用普通 DSM 移植的临界尺寸缺损处理。8 周后，使用组织学、免疫组织化学和组织形态测量法评估各组的骨再生。在用 DSM/SCPC/hMSC 治疗的组中，新骨形成和成熟更好。DMS/SCPC 支架具有在主要骨吸收和临界尺寸缺陷的情况下增强和诱导骨再生和新血管形成的能力。