ABSTRACT

Later Stuart Britain is well known as an age of political satire. Scholars have generally approached this as an English-language phenomenon, but there was also a significant strand of satiric verse written in Latin, Britain’s second literary language. This article examines the nature and significance of political satire in Latin in this period. Latin satire appeared in many forms and genres, including epigrammatic, lapidary, hexameter and rhyming verse. Like English-language satire, most Latin satire circulated in manuscript rather than print. Although it had elite authors and readers, some Latin satires reached a substantial audience, assisted by the prevalence of short poems and their circulation alongside English translations. As Latin was Europe’s main international language, satires also flowed across borders, especially with France and the Dutch republic. Latin satires took diverse political perspectives, including royalist and oppositional, Tory and Whig, Jacobite and Williamite, and appeared throughout the later Stuart period.

摘要

后来的斯图亚特英国以政治讽刺的时代而闻名。学者们普遍认为这是一种英语现象，但也有大量用英国第二文学语言拉丁语写成的讽刺诗。本文考察了这一时期拉丁语中政治讽刺的性质和意义。拉丁讽刺以多种形式和体裁出现，包括警句、宝石、六步法和押韵诗。像英语讽刺作品一样，大多数拉丁讽刺作品都是以手稿而不是印刷品形式传播的。尽管它拥有精英作家和读者，但由于短诗的流行及其与英文译本一起发行，一些拉丁讽刺作品吸引了大量观众。由于拉丁语是欧洲的主要国际语言，讽刺作品也跨越国界，尤其是法国和荷兰共和国。拉丁讽刺采取了不同的政治观点，包括保皇党和反对派、保守党和辉格党、詹姆斯党和威廉党，并出现在斯图亚特后期。